Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 1;810:152108. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152108. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Risk assessments of agrochemicals on non-target insects are biased in studies with surrogate groups, such as pollinators. In social insects, such investigations are generally restricted to lethal tests with adults maintained individually, simulating a non-realistic scenario. Here, we performed a holistic approach to resemble a chronic field exposure of Polistes versicolor (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to a common biopesticide. These wasps are predators that perform biological control in the agroecosystems. Wasps were chronically subjected to the ingestion of different concentrations of azadirachtin. The neonicotinoid imidacloprid was used as a positive control. For the first time, we demonstrated that the biopesticide azadirachtin is detrimental for individual and colony survival and impairs colony reproduction of a social wasp maintained in the laboratory. Our data also indicated that neonicotinoid imidacloprid is harmful to wasps and their colonies. Therefore, the concomitant use of azadirachtin and paper wasps in integrated pest management strategies should be carefully evaluated, because the constant use of this pesticide can be detrimental for social wasps, possibly reducing biological control.
对非靶标昆虫的农业化学品风险评估在以传代群体（如传粉媒介）为基础的研究中存在偏差。在社会性昆虫中，此类调查通常仅限于对单独饲养的成虫进行致死性测试，模拟一种不真实的情况。在这里，我们采用了一种整体方法来模拟 Polistes versicolor（膜翅目：胡蜂科）对常见生物农药的慢性田间暴露。这些胡蜂是在农业生态系统中进行生物防治的捕食者。胡蜂被慢性地摄入不同浓度的印楝素。新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉被用作阳性对照。我们首次证明，生物农药印楝素对个体和群体的生存以及实验室饲养的社会性胡蜂的群体繁殖都有不利影响。我们的数据还表明，新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉对胡蜂及其群体是有害的。因此，在综合虫害管理策略中同时使用印楝素和纸胡蜂时应谨慎评估，因为这种杀虫剂的持续使用可能对社会性胡蜂有害，可能会降低生物防治的效果。
