Li Lin, Khan Suliman, Li Song, Wang Shengchun, Wang Fang
Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450053, Henan, China.
Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China.
Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Nov 15;11(11):5591-5608. eCollection 2021.
Skin malignancies form in tissues of the skin and are the most frequent cancers in the world, with an increasing incidence and a steady fatality rate. They are classified as melanoma or nonmelanoma cancers, which include basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Noncoding RNA transcripts have received increased attention after the thorough analysis of the human genome revealed that most of the genomic components are not encoded to protein. MicroRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs are some of the well-studied types of these noncoding regions. The alteration in any of these members' expression is associated intrinsically with human cancers, including skin malignancies, due to their critical functions in cell processes for normal development. As a result, investigating the noncoding component of the transcriptome opens up the possibility of discovering new therapeutic and diagnostic targets. This review discusses current studies on the involvement of microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of human skin cancers.
皮肤恶性肿瘤形成于皮肤组织，是全球最常见的癌症，发病率不断上升，死亡率稳定。它们被分为黑色素瘤或非黑色素瘤癌症，后者包括基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌。在对人类基因组进行全面分析后发现，大多数基因组成分并不编码蛋白质，非编码RNA转录本因此受到越来越多的关注。微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和环状RNA是这些非编码区域中一些经过充分研究的类型。由于它们在细胞正常发育过程中具有关键功能，这些成员中任何一个的表达改变都与人类癌症（包括皮肤恶性肿瘤）存在内在关联。因此，研究转录组的非编码成分开辟了发现新的治疗和诊断靶点的可能性。本综述讨论了关于微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和环状RNA参与人类皮肤癌发病机制的当前研究。
