Meng Pengyu, Huang Jian, Yang Zhaohui, Wang Fei, Lv Teng, Zhang Jiao, Fu Chaopeng, Xiao Wei
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2022 Feb;34(8):e2106511. doi: 10.1002/adma.202106511. Epub 2022 Jan 13.
Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) are promising for large-scale energy storage due to the abundant reserves, low cost, and high capacity of the Al anode. However, the development of AIBs is currently hindered by the usage of AlCl /1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte, which is expensive, highly corrosive, and extremely air-sensitive. Herein, a new hydrated eutectic electrolyte (HEE) composed of hydrated aluminum perchlorate and succinonitrile for low-cost, noncorrosive, and air-stable AIBs is reported. Crystal water in the hydrated aluminum perchlorate plays a vital role in forming the HEE, in which one H O and five succinonitrile molecules coordinate with one Al ion. The optimized ratio of Al(ClO ) ·9H O to succinonitrile is 1:12. When combining with the self-doped polyaniline cathode, the associated AIB delivers a high discharge capacity of 185 mAh g over 300 cycles; and the charge/discharge mechanism in the HEE is studied experimentally and theoretically. The HEE is nonflammable, air-stable, and noncorrosive, thus enabling good air tolerance and facile fabrication of AIBs.
可充电铝离子电池（AIBs）因其铝负极储量丰富、成本低且容量高，在大规模储能方面具有广阔前景。然而，目前AIBs的发展受到AlCl /1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓氯化物电解质使用的阻碍，该电解质昂贵、腐蚀性强且对空气极为敏感。在此，报道了一种由高氯酸铝水合物和丁二腈组成的新型水合共晶电解质（HEE），用于低成本、无腐蚀性且对空气稳定的AIBs。高氯酸铝水合物中的结晶水在形成HEE中起着至关重要的作用，其中一个H₂O和五个丁二腈分子与一个Al离子配位。高氯酸铝水合物与丁二腈的优化比例为1:12。当与自掺杂聚苯胺正极结合时，相关的AIB在300次循环中具有185 mAh g的高放电容量；并通过实验和理论研究了HEE中的充放电机制。HEE不可燃、对空气稳定且无腐蚀性，因此能够实现良好的空气耐受性并便于制造AIBs。
