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耐多药结核分枝杆菌感染患者经贝达喹啉、德拉马尼和利奈唑胺治疗后出现无菌性结核性肉芽肿。

Sterile tuberculous granuloma in a patient with XDR-TB treated with bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid.

机构信息

Clinical HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Sandringham, South Africa

TASK Applied Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Dec 7;14(12):e245612. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245612.

Abstract

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) continues to pose a threat to the global eradication of TB. Regimens for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB are lengthy and poorly tolerated, often with unsuccessful outcomes. The TB Alliance Nix-TB trial investigated the safety and efficacy of a 26-week regimen of bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid (BPaL) in participants with XDR-TB, multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB treatment failure or intolerance. In this trial 9 out of 10 participants were cured. We describe a trial participant with XDR-TB who presented with new-onset seizures soon after BPaL treatment completion. Imaging showed a right temporal ring-enhancing lesion, and a sterile tuberculous granuloma was confirmed after a diagnostic, excisional biopsy. Learning points include management of a participant with a tuberculoma after BPaL completion, efficacy of new medications for central nervous system (CNS) TB and a review of their CNS penetration. This is the first case of pretomanid use in CNS TB.

摘要

耐多药结核病(DR-TB)仍然对全球结核病消除构成威胁。广泛耐药结核病(XDR)的治疗方案冗长且耐受性差,往往结局不佳。TB 联盟 Nix-TB 试验研究了贝达喹啉、普托马尼和利奈唑胺(BPaL)26 周疗程治疗 XDR-TB、耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)治疗失败或不耐受的安全性和疗效。在这项试验中,90%的参与者被治愈。我们描述了一位 XDR-TB 试验参与者,在 BPaL 治疗完成后不久出现新发癫痫。影像学显示右侧颞叶环形增强病变,在诊断性切除活检后证实为无菌结核性肉芽肿。学习要点包括 BPaL 完成后结核瘤参与者的管理、新的中枢神经系统(CNS)结核病药物的疗效以及对其 CNS 穿透性的回顾。这是首例 CNS-TB 使用普托马尼的病例。

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