Khan Amiri D, Madsen Trine, Norredam Marie, Brande Svend Erik, Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor, Nordentoft Merete, Erlangsen Annette
Arch Suicide Res. 2023 Apr-Jun;27(2):415-425. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2021.2011809. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
There are concerns that asylum-seekers are at increased risk of suicide attempt and suicide mortality. Yet, largescale nationwide studies are limited. Our aim was to examine whether asylum-seekers in Denmark had higher rates of suicide attempt and suicide when compared to the general population.
A retrospective cohort design was used. Data on asylum-seekers and the general population living in Denmark during 2009-2019 were obtained from the Immigration services and national registers. Indirect standardization was applied to adjust for differences with respect to age group and sex and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
In a population of 78,666 asylum-seekers, a total of 601 suicide attempts and 9 suicides were recorded. The rate of suicide attempt was 842.0 per 100,000 person-years for asylum-seekers and 92.3 per 100,000 person-years for the general population. When adjusting for differences related to age group and sex, an IRR of 8.5 (95% CI: 7.6-9.5) was found for suicide attempt between 2014-2019. The IRR for suicide attempt unaccompanied minors between 2015 and 2019 was 5.8 (95% CI: 4.3-7.5) when adjusting for age group. We did not find an elevated rate of suicide among asylum-seekers (IRR: 1.6, 95% CI: 0.6-3.5).
Asylum-seekers were found to have higher rates of suicide attempt than the general population in Denmark. This also applied to unaccompanied minors. Our study emphasizes the need for awareness and preventive measures targeting mental health and suicidal behavior among asylum-seekers.HIGHLIGHTSAsylum-seekers had an 8-fold higher rate of suicide attempt than the general population.The suicide attempt rate for asylum-seekers reached its lowest levels during recent years.Unaccompanied minors had a 5-fold higher frequency of suicide attempt when compared to peers in the general population.We did not find elevated rates of death by suicide among asylum-seekers. No suicide deaths were recorded among unaccompanied minors.
人们担心寻求庇护者自杀未遂和自杀死亡的风险增加。然而，全国范围内的大规模研究有限。我们的目的是研究丹麦的寻求庇护者与普通人群相比，自杀未遂和自杀率是否更高。
采用回顾性队列设计。2009 - 2019年期间居住在丹麦的寻求庇护者和普通人群的数据来自移民服务机构和国家登记处。应用间接标准化方法调整年龄组和性别的差异，并计算95%置信区间的发病率比（IRR）。
在78666名寻求庇护者中，共记录到601次自杀未遂和9例自杀。寻求庇护者的自杀未遂率为每10万人年842.0例，普通人群为每10万人年92.3例。在调整与年龄组和性别相关的差异后，2014 - 2019年期间寻求庇护者自杀未遂的发病率比为8.5（95%CI：7.6 - 9.5）。在调整年龄组后，2015年至2019年期间无人陪伴未成年人自杀未遂的发病率比为5.8（95%CI：4.3 - 7.5）。我们没有发现寻求庇护者的自杀率升高（发病率比：1.6，95%CI：0.6 - 3.5）。
发现丹麦的寻求庇护者自杀未遂率高于普通人群。这也适用于无人陪伴的未成年人。我们的研究强调了针对寻求庇护者的心理健康和自杀行为提高认识和采取预防措施的必要性。
要点
寻求庇护者的自杀未遂率比普通人群高8倍。
近年来寻求庇护者的自杀未遂率达到最低水平。
与普通人群中的同龄人相比，无人陪伴的未成年人自杀未遂的频率高5倍。
我们没有发现寻求庇护者的自杀死亡率升高。无人陪伴的未成年人中没有记录到自杀死亡。
