Kapdi Aarti, Dhanze Himani, Sahu Anamika, Singh Vijayata, Kumar Murthy Suman, Bhilegaonkar Kiran Narayan, Gulati Baldev Raj
ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2022 Jan;108:103809. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103809. Epub 2021 Nov 14.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne flaviviral zoonoses, causing fatal disease in equines and humans. JE is endemic in most of the states of India with occurrence of human cases every year. The horses are not vaccinated against JE in India and thus they are at more risk of acquiring the disease. Due to nonavailability of indigenously developed ELISA and high cost of imported kits, regular sero-surveillance is not being carried out to assess the true picture of JE virus in equine population of India. Therefore, a recombinant NS1 protein based indirect IgG ELISA was developed with the objective to assess the sero-positivity of JE virus in equine population of India. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of developed ELISA was 84.73% and 86.70%, respectively. The validation studies revealed good reproducibility of ELISA with kappa value ranging from 0.75 to 1 between the results of different laboratories. A total of 2,069 horse serum samples were screened using the developed ELISA and 401 samples were positive for IgG against JEV with an overall sero-positivity of 19.38% in equine population of India. A sero-positivity of 25.90% and 12.22% was recorded in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu-Kashmir, both hill states of North zone of India for the first time, revealing the spread of virus to the nonendemic parts of the country. The high sero-positivity of JE virus recorded in equine population warrants the need for initiation of vaccination of horses in India to prevent the morbidity and mortality.
日本脑炎（JE）是一种由蚊子传播的黄病毒属人畜共患病，可导致马和人类患上致命疾病。JE在印度的大多数邦都呈地方性流行，每年都会出现人类病例。在印度，马没有接种预防JE的疫苗，因此它们感染这种疾病的风险更高。由于国内无法获得自主研发的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒，且进口试剂盒成本高昂，所以无法定期开展血清学监测来评估印度马群中JE病毒的真实情况。因此，开发了一种基于重组NS1蛋白的间接IgG ELISA，目的是评估印度马群中JE病毒的血清阳性率。所开发的ELISA的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为84.73%和86.70%。验证研究表明，ELISA具有良好的可重复性，不同实验室结果之间的kappa值在0.75至1之间。使用所开发的ELISA对总共2069份马血清样本进行了筛查，其中401份样本的抗日本脑炎病毒IgG呈阳性，印度马群的总体血清阳性率为19.38%。在印度北部山区的喜马偕尔邦和查谟-克什米尔邦，首次记录到血清阳性率分别为25.90%和12.22%，这表明病毒已传播到该国的非流行地区。马群中记录到的JE病毒高血清阳性率表明有必要在印度开始给马接种疫苗，以预防发病和死亡。
