在 COVID-19 期间接受隔离的埃塞俄比亚归国移民中应对策略：一项基于中心的横断面研究。
Coping strategies among Ethiopian migrant returnees who were in quarantine in the time of COVID-19: a center-based cross-sectional study.
机构信息
School of Psychology, College of Education and Behavioral Studies, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box: 150299, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Research, Consultancy and Community Service Department, Ethiopian Police University, Sendafa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2021 Dec 8;9(1):192. doi: 10.1186/s40359-021-00699-z.
BACKGROUND
Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, many numbers of Ethiopian migrant workers from the Middle East repatriated to their home country. Returnees who came back to Ethiopia during the early stages of COVID-19 went through difficult experiences of unplanned return and unfamiliar quarantine. Despite burgeoning studies on the coping strategies of the general population on stresses associated with the pandemic, there is lack of research on how returnees cope with challenges related to migration and quarantine experiences. The aim of this study was to examine the coping strategies used by returnees who were in mandatory quarantine in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A center-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 405 migrant returnees who were in mandatory quarantine in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We developed a structured questionnaire to collect data about the socio-demographic, migration related, quarantine related and COVID-19 related characteristics of participants. We used the Brief COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) scale to measure returnees coping strategies. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were used to determine extent of use of coping strategies and identify factors associated with them.
RESULTS
Emotion-focused coping mainly religious coping was the most frequently used coping strategy in the study group. Dysfunctional coping, however, was the least frequently employed coping strategy. Higher scores on emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies were associated with absence of perceived support from family and relatives after the quarantine and with no history of contact with COVID-19 suspected or infected person.
CONCLUSIONS
The study shows that emotion-focused coping, particularly religious coping, was the most commonly used coping strategy among returnees who were in quarantine centers in the context of COVID-19. Returnees who perceived that they will not have support from family and relatives and those who were not exposed to the virus were more likely to use either emotion- or problem-focused coping strategies. Psychosocial reintegration efforts need to focus on enhancing returnees' capacity to use adaptive coping strategies. We suggest in-depth qualitative studies for better understanding of returnees' coping strategies and to facilitate reintegration activities.
背景
自 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发以来，许多来自中东的埃塞俄比亚移民工人被遣返回国。在 COVID-19 早期返回的归国者经历了计划外返回和不熟悉隔离的艰难经历。尽管针对与大流行相关压力的一般人群应对策略的研究不断涌现，但缺乏关于归国者如何应对与移民和隔离经历相关挑战的研究。本研究旨在探讨在 COVID-19 大流行背景下，在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴接受强制性隔离的归国者所使用的应对策略。
方法
我们在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的一个中心进行了一项基于中心的横断面研究，共有 405 名移民归国者接受了强制性隔离。我们制定了一份结构化问卷，以收集参与者的社会人口统计学、移民相关、隔离相关和 COVID-19 相关特征的数据。我们使用简短应对量表（Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced）来衡量归国者的应对策略。使用描述性统计和多元回归分析来确定应对策略的使用程度，并确定与应对策略相关的因素。
结果
在研究组中，情绪聚焦应对策略主要是宗教应对策略是最常用的应对策略。然而，功能失调的应对策略是最不常使用的应对策略。情绪聚焦和问题聚焦应对策略得分较高与隔离后没有得到家人和亲戚的支持以及没有与 COVID-19 疑似或感染人员接触有关。
结论
研究表明，在 COVID-19 背景下，处于隔离中心的归国者最常使用情绪聚焦应对策略，特别是宗教应对策略。那些认为自己不会得到家人和亲戚支持的归国者和那些没有接触过病毒的归国者更有可能使用情绪或问题聚焦应对策略。社会心理再融入工作需要专注于增强归国者使用适应性应对策略的能力。我们建议进行深入的定性研究，以更好地理解归国者的应对策略，并促进再融入活动。
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