Tran Quincy K, Barnett Jeremy, O'Connell Francis, D'Anza Brian, Pourmand Ali
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Open Access Emerg Med. 2021 Dec 2;13:527-533. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S247017. eCollection 2021.
We performed a narrative review of epistaxis management in the emergency department. First, we examined the pathophysiology, the current types of treatment that are available to emergency clinicians. When nasal packing is indicated, we examined the efficacy of nasal packing in addition to other topical treatment such as tranexamic acid and the evidence of prophylactic antibiotics. We detailed current studies involving tranexamic acid and prophylactic antibiotics for nasal packing. Finally, we introduced an epistaxis clinical care pathway, based on current evidence, to aid emergency clinicians with their clinical decision-making processes.
我们对急诊科鼻出血的处理进行了叙述性综述。首先，我们研究了病理生理学，以及急诊科临床医生目前可用的治疗类型。当需要进行鼻腔填塞时，我们除了研究诸如氨甲环酸等其他局部治疗方法外，还研究了鼻腔填塞的疗效以及预防性使用抗生素的证据。我们详细介绍了目前有关氨甲环酸和鼻腔填塞预防性使用抗生素的研究。最后，我们根据现有证据引入了鼻出血临床护理路径，以帮助急诊科临床医生进行临床决策。
