School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 9;16(12):e0257036. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257036. eCollection 2021.
COVID-19 leads small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to survive very hard. The development difficulties of SMEs lead to weak employment and GDP growth in various countries. In the process of COVID-19's continuous spread, what is the major reason for the difficulties of SMEs? This paper hopes to answer this question by studying SMEs in Beijing. On this basis, this paper uses structural equation model (SEM) to study the relatively fast recovery of SMEs in Beijing, China, to explore the factors affecting SMEs in the pandemic. After detailed desk research and interviews with relevant entrepreneurs, this paper collects 234 valid questionnaires from SMEs in various industries in Beijing with the help of Federation of Industry and Commerce and Chamber of Commerce in Beijing. Then the data is analyzed with the SEM, which shows the relationship between cash flow from financing activities, markets, employees, costs, government policies and the impact of the pandemic. Finally, an impact model of the pandemic on SMEs is established. The result of the model indicates that the direct effect of the pandemic on the market is the most prominent, and government policies can significantly reduce the negative impact of the pandemic on SMEs indirectly. Based on this, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as the targeted issuance of consumption vouchers and the reduction of administrative barriers. This will enable megacities in various countries to improve policy support for SMEs and promote the recovery and development of SMEs.
新冠肺炎疫情使中小企业(SMEs)举步维艰。中小企业发展困难导致各国就业和 GDP 增长乏力。在新冠肺炎持续传播的过程中,中小企业困难的主要原因是什么?本文希望通过研究北京的中小企业来回答这个问题。在此基础上,本文运用结构方程模型(SEM)研究了中国北京中小企业相对较快的复苏情况,探讨了疫情对中小企业的影响因素。本文通过详细的案头研究和对相关企业家的访谈,在北京市工商业联合会和商会的帮助下,从北京各行业中小企业中收集了 234 份有效问卷。然后,运用 SEM 对数据进行了分析,结果表明融资活动、市场、员工、成本、政府政策与疫情影响之间的关系。最后,建立了疫情对中小企业的影响模型。模型结果表明,疫情对市场的直接影响最为显著,政府政策可以显著降低疫情对中小企业的间接负面影响。基于此,本文提出了一些政策建议,如有针对性地发放消费券和减少行政障碍。这将使各国的特大城市能够改善对中小企业的政策支持,促进中小企业的恢复和发展。