Lit Med. 2021;39(2):296-318. doi: 10.1353/lm.2021.0025.
Histories of bibliotherapy often emphasize the importance of the First World War in stimulating the development of bibliotherapeutic theory and practice. The word itself was used in a 1916 article by the American author Samuel McChord Crothers, while histories of bibliotherapy in the United Kingdom often foreground H. F. Brett-Smith's so-called "fever chart" of therapeutic books for treating shell-shocked soldiers. Despite this, however, we argue that a full account of wartime bibliotherapy (particularly the importance of British hospital libraries in its development) has yet to be told. This article draws on the papers of British military hospital personnel to describe the range of "literary caregiving" supporting the treatment of sick and wounded soldiers during the conflict. It traces the social and professional networks underlying these schemes. Finally, it shows how British volunteer librarians helped develop a specifically medicalized language of caregiving through books, thereby contributing to the early development of bibliotherapy.
文献疗法的历史常常强调第一次世界大战在刺激文献疗法理论和实践发展方面的重要性。这个词本身就出现在 1916 年美国作家塞缪尔·麦克考德·克罗瑟斯的一篇文章中，而英国文献疗法的历史通常突出了 H. F. 布雷特-史密斯所谓的“治疗书籍发烧图表”，用于治疗弹震症士兵。然而，尽管如此，我们认为，对战时文献疗法（特别是英国医院图书馆在其发展中的重要性）的全面叙述尚未完成。本文利用英国军事医院人员的论文，描述了在冲突期间支持治疗伤病员的各种“文学关怀”。它追溯了这些计划背后的社会和专业网络。最后，它展示了英国志愿图书馆员如何通过书籍帮助发展一种专门的医疗关怀语言，从而为文献疗法的早期发展做出了贡献。
