Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Small Animal Referral Centre, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom.
J Vet Intern Med. 2022 Jan;36(1):179-189. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16328. Epub 2021 Dec 12.
Orthostatic tremor (OT) is a rare movement disorder characterized by high-frequency (>12 Hz) involuntary, rhythmic, sinusoidal movements affecting predominantly the limbs while standing.
To describe the signalment, presenting complaints, phenotype, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcome of a large sample of dogs with OT.
Sixty dogs diagnosed with OT based on conscious electromyography.
Multicenter retrospective case series study. Dogs were included if they had a conscious electromyography consistent with muscle discharge frequency >12 Hz while standing.
Fifty-three cases were diagnosed with primary OT (POT). Giant breed dogs represented most cases (83%; 44/53). Most dogs (79%; 42/53) were younger than 2 years of age at onset of signs, except for Retrievers which were all older than 3.5 years of age. The most common presenting complaints were pelvic limb tremors while standing (85%; 45/53) and difficulty when rising or sitting down (45%; 24/53). Improvement of clinical signs occurred in most dogs (85%; 45/53) treated medically with phenobarbital, primidone, gabapentin, pregabalin or clonazepam, but it was mostly partial rather than complete. Orthostatic tremor-plus was seen in 7 dogs that had concurrent neurological diseases.
Primary OT is a progressive disease of young, purebred, giant/large-breed dogs, which appears to begin later in life in Retrievers. Primary OT apparently responds partially to medications. Orthostatic tremor-plus exists in dogs and can be concomitant or associated with other neurological diseases.
直立性震颤（OT）是一种罕见的运动障碍，其特征是高频（>12 Hz）的不自主、有节奏的正弦运动，主要影响站立时的四肢。
描述一组大量 OT 犬的特征、临床表现、表型、诊断发现、治疗和结果。
60 只根据清醒肌电图诊断为 OT 的犬。
多中心回顾性病例系列研究。如果犬在站立时的清醒肌电图符合肌肉放电频率>12 Hz，则将其纳入研究。
53 例诊断为原发性 OT（POT）。巨型犬种代表了大多数病例（83%，44/53）。大多数犬（79%，42/53）在出现症状时的年龄小于 2 岁，除了猎犬均大于 3.5 岁。最常见的临床表现是站立时的骨盆肢震颤（85%，45/53）和站立或坐下时的困难（45%，24/53）。大多数接受苯巴比妥、扑米酮、加巴喷丁、普瑞巴林或氯硝西泮等药物治疗的犬的临床症状都有改善，但大多数是部分改善而不是完全改善。7 只同时患有神经系统疾病的犬出现了直立性震颤附加症状。
原发性 OT 是一种年轻的、纯种的、巨型/大型犬种的进行性疾病，在猎犬中似乎在晚年才开始出现。原发性 OT 显然对药物治疗有部分反应。直立性震颤附加症状存在于犬中，可同时或与其他神经系统疾病相关。
