Aix-Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
Chempluschem. 2022 Jan;87(1):e202100457. doi: 10.1002/cplu.202100457. Epub 2021 Dec 13.
Since the emergence of life on Earth, microorganisms have contributed to biogeochemical cycles. Sulfate-reducing bacteria are an example of widespread microorganisms that participate in the metal and sulfur cycles by biomineralization of biogenic metal sulfides. In this work, we review the microbial biomineralization of metal sulfide particles and summarize distinctive features from exemplary cases. We highlight that metal sulfide biomineralization is highly metal- and organism-specific. The properties of metal sulfide biominerals depend on the degree of cellular control and on environmental factors, such as pH, temperature, and concentration of metals. Moreover, biogenic macromolecules, including peptides and proteins, help cells control their extracellular and intracellular environments that regulate biomineralization. Accordingly, metal sulfide biominerals exhibit unique features when compared to abiotic minerals or biominerals produced by dead cell debris.
自地球上生命出现以来，微生物就一直参与着生物地球化学循环。硫酸盐还原菌就是广泛参与金属和硫循环的微生物的一个例子，它们通过生物成因金属硫化物的生物矿化作用来实现这一循环。在这项工作中，我们综述了金属硫化物颗粒的微生物生物矿化作用，并从典型案例中总结了其独特特征。我们强调指出，金属硫化物的生物矿化作用具有很强的金属和生物体特异性。金属硫化物生物矿的特性取决于细胞控制的程度以及环境因素，如 pH 值、温度和金属浓度。此外，生物大分子，包括肽和蛋白质，有助于细胞控制其细胞外和细胞内环境，从而调节生物矿化作用。因此，与非生物矿物或由死细胞碎片产生的生物矿物相比，金属硫化物生物矿具有独特的特征。
