Anti-osteoclastogenic cycloartane saponins from .

The methanolic extract of Dryand leaves exhibited significant anti-osteoclastogenic activity. Chemical investigation of led to the isolation of one new cycloartane saponin, mussaendoside X () along with eight known compounds: heinsiagenin A 3--[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]---D-glucopyranoside (), mussaendoside O (), heinsiagenin A 3--[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)---D-glucopyranoside (), mussaendoside G (), mussaendoside U (), shanzhiside methyl ester (), barlerin () and musaenoside (). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as MS analysis and comparison with the literature. Cycloartane saponins - positively suppressed osteoclast formation in an anti-osteoclastogenic screening assay. Consequently, treatment of RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with compounds - significantly decreased the number of osteoclasts in a concentration-dependent manner. Six compounds from , with the new cycloartane, mussaendoside X, were shown for the first time as potential effective inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis.