Luan Xing-Zhao, Wang Hao-Run, Xiang Wei, Li Shen-Jie, He Haiping, Chen Li-Gang, Wang Jian-Mei, Zhou Jie
Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
World J Clin Cases. 2021 Nov 26;9(33):10300-10307. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i33.10300.
Glioblastoma has a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. It is common to have recurrence and intracranial metastasis, while extracranial metastasis is rare, and extracranial multiorgan metastasis is extremely rare. We report a case of glioblastoma with extracranial multiorgan metastasis, which will strengthen clinicians' attention to the extracranial metastasis of glioblastoma and its treatment.
A male patient visited our hospital for treatment of dizziness and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a space-occupying lesion in the right temporoparietal occipital region. Chest computed tomography and abdominal ultrasound were normal, and no space-occupying lesions were observed in other organs of the body. The patient underwent surgery and diagnosed with glioblastoma. Postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were completed. During the follow-up, the tumor was found to have metastasized to the scalp and neck, and a second tumor resection was performed. Postoperative follow-up revealed extracranial metastases to multiple extracranial organs including skull, scalp, ribs, spine, liver and lung. His family members refused further treatment, and requested only symptomatic treatment such as pain relief, and the patient died of systemic multiple organ failure. Survival time from diagnosis to death was 13 mo and from extracranial metastasis to death was 6 mo.
Glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is extremely rare, clinicians should always pay attention to its existence. The mechanism of glioblastoma extracranial metastasis is still unclear, and genetic and molecular studies are required.
胶质母细胞瘤恶性程度高，预后差。复发和颅内转移常见，而颅外转移罕见，颅外多器官转移极为罕见。我们报告1例胶质母细胞瘤伴颅外多器官转移的病例，以加强临床医生对胶质母细胞瘤颅外转移及其治疗的关注。
1例男性患者因头晕、头痛来我院就诊。脑部磁共振成像显示右侧颞顶枕区有占位性病变。胸部计算机断层扫描和腹部超声检查正常，身体其他器官未发现占位性病变。患者接受手术，诊断为胶质母细胞瘤。术后完成同步放化疗。随访期间，发现肿瘤转移至头皮和颈部，遂行二次肿瘤切除术。术后随访发现颅外转移至多个颅外器官，包括颅骨、头皮、肋骨、脊柱、肝脏和肺。其家属拒绝进一步治疗，仅要求进行止痛等对症治疗，患者死于全身多器官功能衰竭。从诊断到死亡的生存时间为13个月，从颅外转移到死亡的时间为6个月。
胶质母细胞瘤颅外转移极为罕见，临床医生应始终关注其存在。胶质母细胞瘤颅外转移的机制尚不清楚，需要进行基因和分子研究。
