School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan.
Gunma University Center for Mathematics and Data Science, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
Menopause. 2021 Dec 13;29(2):129-136. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001893.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with urinary symptoms using cross-sectional data from the Japan Nurses' Health Study, a prospective cohort study among female nurses.
A total of 12,198 women were included. We calculated the prevalence of urinary symptoms. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to determine the odds for overactive bladder (OAB), stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence.
The mean age and body mass index (standard deviation, range) were 46.5 (±8.1, 27-82) years and 22.1 (±3.1, 12.9-44.6) kg/m2, respectively. The prevalence of OAB was 9.5% (OAB with urinary incontinence [-wet]: 5.4%, OAB without urinary incontinence: 4.1%), that of stress urinary incontinence (without OAB-wet) was 13.9%, and that of mixed urinary incontinence was 2.1%. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between OAB and age 45 to 54 years, and postmenopausal status was moderately associated with OAB in that analysis. In the multivariable-adjusted model, age groups 45 to 49 and 50 to 54 years, body mass index 23-27.4 and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2, and parous status were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence (without OAB-wet).
This study showed a significant association of OAB with ages 45 to 54 years and postmenopausal status. Further studies should consider the association between time since menopause and OAB symptoms in the perimenopausal period. A high body mass index and parous status are strongly associated with stress urinary incontinence, and stress urinary incontinence symptoms may become less frequent after menopause.
本研究使用日本护士健康研究的横断面数据，对女性护士进行前瞻性队列研究，旨在调查尿症状的流行情况及其相关因素。
共纳入 12198 名女性。我们计算了尿症状的患病率。使用比值比（95%置信区间）来确定膀胱过度活动症（OAB）、压力性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁的几率。
平均年龄和体重指数（标准差，范围）分别为 46.5（±8.1，27-82）岁和 22.1（±3.1，12.9-44.6）kg/m2。OAB 的患病率为 9.5%（伴有尿失禁的 OAB：5.4%，不伴有尿失禁的 OAB：4.1%），压力性尿失禁（无 OAB-湿）的患病率为 13.9%，混合性尿失禁的患病率为 2.1%。多变量调整的逻辑回归分析显示，OAB 与 45 至 54 岁年龄之间存在显著关联，绝经后状态在该分析中与 OAB 中度相关。在多变量调整模型中，45 至 49 岁和 50 至 54 岁年龄组、体重指数 23-27.4 和≥27.5 kg/m2以及多产状态与压力性尿失禁（无 OAB-湿）显著相关。
本研究表明，OAB 与 45 至 54 岁年龄和绝经后状态之间存在显著关联。进一步的研究应考虑绝经后时期和围绝经期期间绝经时间与 OAB 症状之间的关联。高体重指数和多产状态与压力性尿失禁密切相关，绝经后压力性尿失禁症状可能会减少。
