美国州立学校哮喘相关健康政策和实践的趋势
Trends in Asthma-Related School Health Policies and Practices in the US States.
机构信息
Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341.
School-Based Surveillance Branch, Division Of Adolescent And School Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Corporate square bldg 08 Rm 1022, Atlanta, GA, 30329.
出版信息
J Sch Health. 2022 Mar;92(3):252-260. doi: 10.1111/josh.13124. Epub 2021 Dec 14.
BACKGROUND
Asthma is one of the leading causes of school absenteeism. Schools can play an important role in coordinating asthma care. The purpose of this study was to assess the implementation of asthma-related school health policies and practices across states and how they have changed over time.
METHODS
Data were analyzed from 36 states that conducted School Health Profiles surveys during 2008 to 2018. Trends in 6 topics were analyzed by logistic regression and JointPoint trend test.
RESULTS
Trends in efforts to identify and track students with asthma and improve students' and parents' knowledge about asthma were stable or increased. Interest among lead health education teachers in receiving professional development on asthma trended downward in 35 of 36 states.
CONCLUSIONS
Stable to upward trends suggest that a majority of schools have maintained or improved their efforts to identify and track students with asthma and increase the knowledge of students and parents about asthma. However, further improvement is needed in referral of students with asthma to health care professionals and encouraging asthma-related professional development of lead health education teachers.
背景
哮喘是导致学生缺课的主要原因之一。学校可以在协调哮喘护理方面发挥重要作用。本研究旨在评估各州在实施与哮喘相关的学校卫生政策和实践方面的情况，以及这些政策和实践随时间的变化情况。
方法
对 2008 年至 2018 年期间进行学校健康状况调查的 36 个州进行了数据分析。使用逻辑回归和 JointPoint 趋势检验分析了 6 个主题的趋势。
结果
识别和跟踪哮喘学生以及提高学生和家长对哮喘认识的努力趋势稳定或有所增加。36 个州中有 35 个州的首席健康教育教师对接受哮喘专业发展的兴趣呈下降趋势。
结论
稳定或上升的趋势表明，大多数学校都在维持或改善识别和跟踪哮喘学生的努力，并提高学生和家长对哮喘的认识。但是，仍需要进一步改进将哮喘学生转介给医疗保健专业人员，并鼓励首席健康教育教师开展与哮喘相关的专业发展。
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