Mi Chunmei, Liu Hong, Peng Hongying, Cheng Chunxia, Wang Meng, Liu Hua, Feng Guo, Wu Jinru, Nie Hao, Liu Min
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Nutr. 2021 Dec 1;8:714690. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.714690. eCollection 2021.
To investigate the relationship among maternal demographic and clinical characteristics, gestational and postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (ppOGTT) results in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus from January 1, 2016, to August 31, 2019, were enrolled. General characteristics, dietary energy intake, pre-gestational body mass index (BMI), gestational oral glucose tolerance test (gOGTT), and 42 days ppOGTT results of all participants were collected. The relationships among maternal clinical characteristics, fasting glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-FPG), 1 h postprandial glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-1h PG), 2 h postprandial glucose of gOGTT (gOGTT-2h PG), and maternal postpartum glucose outcomes were evaluated. A total of 156 patients with GDM were included in this study. Among them, 73.7% had inadequate daily total energy intake, an insufficient ratio of carbohydrates and protein, and an excessive fat ratio. Most of the patients (81.4%) were normal in their ppOGTT examination. Less than 20% of the patients (16.7%) were in the pre-diabetic situation, and 3 patients (1.9%) had diabetes. Pre-pregnancy BMI of patients with GDM was a risk factor for increased gOGTT-FPG levels. Those who were overweight before pregnancy had a greater risk for a higher gOGTT-FPG compared to those who had normal pre-pregnancy BMI ( = 0.021 [] = 4.583). Abnormal gOGTT-2hPG was a risk factor for abnormal ppOGTT ( = 0.04). Those who had an elevated gOGTT-2hPG (≧8.5 mmol/L) had a 2.426 times higher risk for abnormal ppOGTT than those who had normal gOGTT-2hPG (<8.5 mmol/L) results. For women who are overweight before pregnancy, it is better to control their BMI to normal before getting pregnant. Women who had abnormal gOGTT-2h PG should pay more attention to the ppOGTT results.
探讨妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者的母亲人口统计学和临床特征、妊娠期及产后口服葡萄糖耐量试验（ppOGTT）结果之间的关系。纳入2016年1月1日至2019年8月31日期间的妊娠糖尿病患者。收集所有参与者的一般特征、饮食能量摄入、孕前体重指数（BMI）、妊娠期口服葡萄糖耐量试验（gOGTT）以及产后42天ppOGTT结果。评估母亲临床特征、gOGTT空腹血糖（gOGTT-FPG）、gOGTT餐后1小时血糖（gOGTT-1h PG）、gOGTT餐后2小时血糖（gOGTT-2h PG）与母亲产后血糖结果之间的关系。本研究共纳入156例GDM患者。其中，73.7%的患者每日总能量摄入不足，碳水化合物和蛋白质比例不足，脂肪比例过高。大多数患者（81.4%）的ppOGTT检查结果正常。不到20%的患者（16.7%）处于糖尿病前期状态，3例患者（1.9%）患有糖尿病。GDM患者的孕前BMI是gOGTT-FPG水平升高的危险因素。与孕前BMI正常的患者相比，孕前超重的患者gOGTT-FPG升高的风险更大（ = 0.021 [] = 4.583）。gOGTT-2hPG异常是ppOGTT异常的危险因素（ = 0.04）。gOGTT-2hPG升高（≧8.5 mmol/L）的患者ppOGTT异常的风险是gOGTT-2hPG正常（<8.5 mmol/L）患者的2.426倍。对于孕前超重的女性，最好在怀孕前将BMI控制在正常水平。gOGTT-2h PG异常的女性应更加关注ppOGTT结果。
