Sanders I, Aviv J, Kraus W M, Racenstein M M, Biller H F
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1987 Jan-Feb;96(1 Pt 1):38-42. doi: 10.1177/000348948709600109.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) of four anesthetized adult Macaca fascicularis monkeys was stimulated by applying current with blunt electrodes placed unilaterally and bilaterally on the intact neck skin along the tracheoesophageal groove. The stimulus consisted of 2.5- to 4.0-mA cathodal pulses, each of 1-ms duration, beginning at a frequency of 10 Hz and increasing by 10-Hz increments to 100 Hz. Unilateral stimulation from 10 to 30 Hz resulted in a graded vocal cord abduction, with the maximal glottic aperture occurring at 30 Hz. Stimulation above 30 Hz produced a graded cord adduction, with nearly complete glottic closure at 100 Hz; bilateral stimulation yielded similar results, with total glottic closure at 100 Hz. Confirmation of the RLN as mediator of this frequency-dependent cord motion was achieved by surgically isolating it and attaining identical results with direct stimulation. No cardiopulmonary alterations were observed in any trial. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the RLN seems to be a relatively safe, reliable, and noninvasive method of controlling vocal cord position and thereby the glottic airway in monkeys.
对四只麻醉的成年食蟹猴的喉返神经（RLN）进行刺激，使用钝电极沿气管食管沟单侧和双侧放置在完整的颈部皮肤上施加电流。刺激由2.5至4.0毫安的阴极脉冲组成，每个脉冲持续时间为1毫秒，起始频率为10赫兹，并以10赫兹的增量增加到100赫兹。10至30赫兹的单侧刺激导致声带分级外展，最大声门孔径出现在30赫兹。30赫兹以上的刺激产生分级的声带内收，在100赫兹时声门几乎完全关闭；双侧刺激产生类似结果，在100赫兹时声门完全关闭。通过手术分离喉返神经并通过直接刺激获得相同结果，证实了喉返神经是这种频率依赖性声带运动的介质。在任何试验中均未观察到心肺改变。经皮电刺激喉返神经似乎是一种相对安全、可靠且无创的方法，可用于控制猴子的声带位置，从而控制声门气道。
