医护人员个人防护设备准确和适当使用的适应证。系统评价。
Indications for accurate and appropriate use of personal protective equipment for healthcare professionals. A systematic review.
机构信息
PT, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Human Movement Sciences, and Advisor, Evidence-Based Health Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
MD, MSc. Musculoskeletal Radiologist, WEBIMAGEM Telerradiologia, São Paulo (SP), Brazil; and Doctoral Student in Evidence-Based Health Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
出版信息
Sao Paulo Med J. 2022 Jan-Feb;140(1):56-70. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0128.R1.18052021.
BACKGROUND
The speed of the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put enormous pressure on hospitals and other healthcare facilities. This, together with blockages in several countries, has hindered the availability and accessibility of the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE).
OBJECTIVE
To identify, systematically evaluate and summarize the available scientific evidence on the efficacy, safety, safe use and reuse of PPE for healthcare professionals, for preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
DESIGN AND SETTING
Systematic review of studies analyzing products for disinfecting and enabling reuse of PPE for coronavirus within the evidence-based health program of a federal university in São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
METHODS
A systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science and LILACS databases, for articles published up to November 30, 2020.
RESULTS
Ten studies were selected. These analyzed the use of N95, surgical and cotton masks, face shields, flexible enclosures with plastic covers or polycarbonate intubation boxes and plastic curtains; and also PPE disinfection using several substances.
CONCLUSION
Combined use of a face shield with a N95 mask proved to be superior to other associations for protecting healthcare workers. Some products are useful for disinfecting PPE, such as 70% ethanol, 0.1% sodium hypochlorite and a mixture of quaternary ammonium and H2O2, and hydrogen peroxide. Ultraviolet light and dry heat at 70 °C can be used to decontaminate N95 masks.
REGISTRATION NUMBER
DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/4V5FD at the OPENSCIENCE Framework.
背景
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的传播速度给医院和其他医疗机构带来了巨大压力。此外，一些国家的封锁也阻碍了必要的个人防护设备（PPE）的供应和获取。
目的
确定、系统评估和总结有关医护人员使用的 PPE 的功效、安全性、安全使用和重复使用的现有科学证据，以预防严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染。
设计和设置
对巴西圣保罗联邦大学循证卫生计划内分析用于冠状病毒消毒和重复使用 PPE 的产品的研究进行系统回顾。
方法
在 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、CINAHL、SCOPUS、Web of Science 和 LILACS 数据库中对截至 2020 年 11 月 30 日发表的相关文献进行了系统检索。
结果
共选择了 10 项研究。这些研究分析了 N95、手术和棉质口罩、面罩、带塑料盖或聚碳酸酯插管盒的柔性外壳以及塑料窗帘的使用情况；还分析了使用几种物质对 PPE 进行消毒的情况。
结论
N95 口罩与面罩联合使用被证明优于其他防护措施，可更好地保护医护人员。一些产品可用于对 PPE 进行消毒，例如 70%乙醇、0.1%次氯酸钠和季铵盐与 H2O2 的混合物，以及过氧化氢。紫外线和 70°C 的干热可用于对 N95 口罩进行消毒。
注册号
DOI：10.17605/OSF.IO/4V5FD 在 OPENSCIENCE 框架下注册。
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