Department of Stomatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China.
Oral Medicine, Hebei Eye Hospital, Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2021 Nov 25;67(3):158-162. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.3.24.
Oral Precancerous lesions include leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and mucosa palate changes due to reverse smoking. Assessing the prevalence of these lesions in a cross-sectional study can be effective in the timely prevention and treatment of lesions, in any community. Hence, in the present study, evaluation of P53 gene expression was done by immunohistochemistry method to diagnosis oral precancerous lesions. For this purpose, 111 Chinese patients (54 women and 57 men) were selected for examination. The age range of these patients was 22 to 69 years, and their average age was 32.6 years. All patients were examined by one physician. Oral mucosa was used for immunohistochemical evaluations. All samples taken from patients' mucosa were evaluated by one pathologist under a light microscope. 80 cases of the 111 patients were smokers and 27 were non-smokers. Among the 80 smokers, 56.25% had leukoplakia, 3.75% had erythroplakia, and 40% had mucosa palate changes. Regarding non-smokers, 74.07% had leukoplakia and 25.93% had erythroplakia. None of the non-smokers had mucosa palate changes. In terms of the lesion location, in patients with leukoplakia 89.23%, and patients with erythroplakia 90% of the lesion was located in the cheek mucosa and buccal vestibule. Also, in patients with leukoplakia 9.23%, and patients with erythroplakia 10% of the lesion was located in the lips vestibular mucosa. Only 1.54% of leukoplakia had a lesion in the vermilion border, and none of the erythroplakia patients had a lesion on the vermilion border. 76 patients (68.46%) showed positive expression of the P53 gene. The expression level of the P53 gene did not show a significant relationship with age, and the genders did not have a statistically significant difference in terms of gene expression. The expression level of the P53 gene was 59.8% in leukoplakia, 70% in erythroplakia, and 40% in Mucosa palate changes. The present study showed that the evaluation of P53 gene expression was well able to detect oral precancerous lesions and their severity by increasing their expression rate.
口腔癌前病变包括白斑、红斑和因反向吸烟引起的口腔黏膜改变。在任何社区中，通过横断面研究评估这些病变的患病率都可以有效地及时预防和治疗病变。因此，在本研究中，通过免疫组织化学方法评估 P53 基因表达，以诊断口腔癌前病变。为此，选择了 111 例中国患者（54 名女性和 57 名男性）进行检查。这些患者的年龄范围为 22 至 69 岁，平均年龄为 32.6 岁。所有患者均由一名医生进行检查。使用口腔黏膜进行免疫组织化学评估。从患者的黏膜中取出的所有样本均由一名病理学家在光学显微镜下进行评估。111 例患者中 80 例为吸烟者，27 例为非吸烟者。在 80 名吸烟者中，56.25%有白斑，3.75%有红斑，40%有口腔黏膜改变。至于非吸烟者，74.07%有白斑，25.93%有红斑。没有非吸烟者有口腔黏膜改变。就病变位置而言，在有白斑的患者中，89.23%的病变和有红斑的患者中 90%的病变位于颊黏膜和颊前庭。同样，在有白斑的患者中，9.23%的病变和有红斑的患者中 10%的病变位于唇前庭黏膜。仅有 1.54%的白斑有病变位于唇红缘，没有红斑患者的唇红缘有病变。76 例（68.46%）患者 P53 基因表达呈阳性。P53 基因的表达水平与年龄无显著关系，性别与基因表达无统计学差异。白斑的 P53 基因表达水平为 59.8%，红斑为 70%，黏膜改变为 40%。本研究表明，通过增加 P53 基因的表达率，P53 基因表达的评估能够很好地检测口腔癌前病变及其严重程度。
