Cantelli Valentina, Guillemin Sophie, Sarigiannidou Eirini, Carlá Francesco, Bérini Bruno, Chauveau Jean-Michel, Fong Dillon D, Renevier Hubert, Consonni Vincent
Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
Nanoscale. 2022 Jan 20;14(3):680-690. doi: 10.1039/d1nr06099f.
The selection of the polarity of ZnO nanowires grown by chemical bath deposition offers a great advantage for their integration into a wide variety of engineering devices. However, the nucleation process of ZnO nanowires and its dependence on their polarity is still unknown despite its importance for optimizing their morphology and properties and thus to enhance the related device performances. To tackle this major issue, we combine an analysis of the nucleation process of O- and Zn-polar ZnO nanowires on O- and Zn-polar ZnO single crystals, respectively, using synchrotron radiation-based grazing incidence X-ray diffraction with transmission and scanning electron microscopy. We show that the formation of ZnO nanowires obeys three successive phases from the induction, through nucleation to growth phases. The characteristics of each phase, including the nucleation temperature, the shape and dimension of nuclei, as well as their radial and axial development are found to depend on the polarity of ZnO nanowires. A comprehensive description reporting the dominant physicochemical processes in each phase and their dependence on the polarity of ZnO nanowires is presented, revisiting their formation process step-by-step. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the phenomena at work during the growth of ZnO nanowires by chemical bath deposition and open the perspective to develop a more accurate control of their properties at each step of the formation process.
通过化学浴沉积生长的氧化锌纳米线极性的选择，为将其集成到各种工程器件中提供了巨大优势。然而，尽管氧化锌纳米线的成核过程及其对极性的依赖性对于优化其形态和性能从而提高相关器件性能至关重要，但目前仍不清楚。为了解决这一主要问题，我们分别结合基于同步辐射的掠入射X射线衍射以及透射和扫描电子显微镜，对O极性和Zn极性的氧化锌纳米线在O极性和Zn极性的氧化锌单晶上的成核过程进行了分析。我们表明，氧化锌纳米线的形成遵循从诱导期、成核期到生长期的三个连续阶段。发现每个阶段的特征，包括成核温度、核的形状和尺寸以及它们的径向和轴向生长，都取决于氧化锌纳米线的极性。本文给出了一个全面的描述，报告了每个阶段中主要的物理化学过程及其对氧化锌纳米线极性的依赖性，并逐步回顾了它们的形成过程。这些发现使我们对化学浴沉积法生长氧化锌纳米线过程中发生的现象有了更深入的理解，并为在形成过程的每个步骤中更精确地控制其性能开辟了前景。
