Schröder Guido, Hiepe Laura, Moritz Mario, Vivell Laura-Marie, Schulze Marko, Martin Heiner, Götz Andreas, Andresen Julian Ramin, Kullen Claus-Maximilian, Andresen Reimer, Schober Hans-Christof
Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Warnow Klinik, Bützow, Deutschland.
Institut für Anatomie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland.
Z Orthop Unfall. 2022 Dec;160(6):657-669. doi: 10.1055/a-1647-3914. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
The human bone structure changes with an increase in age. Both material and structural properties affect bone strength. Despite the ageing of society, however, hardly any data are available on these parameters for elderly individuals. Therefore, in the present study, cancellous bone cylinders were taken from the center of each vertebral body (C3 to L5) and examined with regard to bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, separation, number of trabeculae, cross-linking, connectivity density and degree of anisotropy.
Samples were obtained from 440 body donors using a Jamshidi needle and analysed using microcomputed tomography. Existing deformities, fractures and bone mineral density of each vertebra were recorded by quantitative computed tomography.
With regard to the microcomputed tomography parameters, statistically significant differences were found between the different sections of the vertebrae: the trabeculae of the cervical vertebrae were significantly thicker and more closely spaced than in the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. The bone volume fraction was significantly higher in this spinal segment, as was the connection density and the number of trabeculae and cross-links. In addition, the degree of anisotropy was significantly lower in the cervical vertebrae than in the other spinal segments. With regard to quantitative computed tomography, there was a significantly higher bone mineral density in the cervical vertebrae.
Even with osteoporosis, cervical vertebrae fracture significantly later than thoracic and lumbar vertebrae due to their unique microarchitecture and higher density. Thus, the cervical vertebrae has specific properties.
人体骨骼结构会随着年龄增长而发生变化。材料特性和结构特性都会影响骨骼强度。然而，尽管社会老龄化，但关于老年人这些参数的数据却几乎没有。因此，在本研究中，从每个椎体（C3至L5）中心获取松质骨圆柱体，并就骨体积分数、小梁厚度、间距、小梁数量、交联、连通性密度和各向异性程度进行检测。
使用Jamshidi针从440名尸体供体获取样本，并采用微型计算机断层扫描进行分析。通过定量计算机断层扫描记录每个椎体现有的畸形、骨折和骨矿物质密度。
关于微型计算机断层扫描参数，在椎体的不同节段之间发现了统计学上的显著差异：颈椎的小梁比胸椎和腰椎的小梁明显更厚且间距更紧密。该脊柱节段的骨体积分数显著更高，连通性密度、小梁数量和交联数量也是如此。此外，颈椎的各向异性程度明显低于其他脊柱节段。关于定量计算机断层扫描，颈椎的骨矿物质密度显著更高。
即使患有骨质疏松症，颈椎由于其独特的微观结构和更高的密度，骨折时间也明显晚于胸椎和腰椎。因此，颈椎具有特殊的特性。
