Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Department of Ophthalmology, Azienda Sanitaria "Friuli Occidentale", 33170 Pordenone, Italy.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2021 Dec 20;13(2):259-271. doi: 10.52586/E883.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the frequency of the spontaneous posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in patients admitted to an Emergency Eye Department in Italy (EED) during the COVID-19 pandemic national lockdown in 2020 compared with the similar time period in 2019. In this retrospective observational study, patient records for ophthalmology EED patients in the month of April 2020 during the COVID-19 Italian national lockdown, were compared with those for an equivalent one-month period in 2019. Diagnoses, gender, and age were assessed. Unpaired Student -tests were used for continuous variables. Poisson regression was used for count analysis to compare categorical variables. Chi-square test was applied to asses proportion differences. In comparison with the 2019 equivalent period, there was a significant decrease in the overall number of EED visits and in the number of patients presenting with a spontaneous PVD during the 2020 lockdown (-41.6% and -49%, respectively). During the 2020 lockdown, all diagnostic categories showed less patient admittance, however, the proportions remained stable when considering the entire cohort. The proportion of urgent visits was 90% in 2020 and 86% in 2019 ( = 0.66). The proportion of EED patients affected by spontaneous PVD was comparable between the two study periods (8.4% in 2020 vs. 9.6% in 2019, = 0.34). Patients presenting with spontaneous PVD in both periods were significantly older when compared to patients with other pathologies (mean age of 63years in 2020 and 64years in 2019, < 0.001). There was a significant bias in female gender (61.2% in 2019 and 60% in 2020, < 0.05). There was a significant decrease of accesses to the EED during COVID-19 2020 lockdown. Patients affected by spontaneous PVD were about 50% less compared with the same period of 2019. Risk factors for the development of spontaneous PVD were older age and female gender. PVD represents a potentially visual function threatening condition because it can cause retinal ruptures and retinal detachment. Patients need to be educated to get urgent ophthalmic assessments in the presence of important acute signs and symptoms, like floaters and flashes, even in the presence of a lockdown.
本研究的目的是分析 2020 年意大利 COVID-19 大流行国家封锁期间与 2019 年同期相比，在意大利急诊眼科就诊的患者中自发性玻璃体后脱离 (PVD) 的频率。在这项回顾性观察性研究中，比较了 2020 年 4 月 COVID-19 意大利国家封锁期间眼科急诊患者的病历记录与 2019 年同期的记录。评估了诊断、性别和年龄。连续变量采用未配对学生 t 检验。泊松回归用于计数分析以比较分类变量。卡方检验用于评估比例差异。与 2019 年同期相比，2020 年 EED 就诊总人数和自发性 PVD 就诊患者人数均显著减少（分别减少 41.6%和 49%）。在 2020 年封锁期间，所有诊断类别患者就诊人数均减少，但考虑到整个队列，比例保持稳定。2020 年紧急就诊比例为 90%，2019 年为 86%（=0.66）。2020 年和 2019 年自发性 PVD 患者在 EED 患者中的比例相似（2020 年 8.4%，2019 年 9.6%，=0.34）。与其他疾病患者相比，两个时期出现自发性 PVD 的患者年龄明显更大（2020 年平均年龄 63 岁，2019 年 64 岁，<0.001）。女性性别存在显著偏差（2019 年 61.2%，2020 年 60%，<0.05）。COVID-19 2020 年封锁期间，EED 的就诊人数明显减少。与 2019 年同期相比，自发性 PVD 患者减少了约 50%。自发性 PVD 的发病危险因素为年龄较大和女性。PVD 是一种潜在的视力威胁性疾病，因为它会导致视网膜裂孔和视网膜脱离。即使在封锁期间，患者也需要接受教育，以便在出现重要的急性体征和症状（如飞蚊症和闪光）时紧急进行眼科评估。
