Tirtawijaya Gabriel, Lee Jin-Hwa, Jang Jong-Su, Kim Do-Youb, Sohn Jae-Hak, Choi Jae-Suk
Seafood Research Center, Industry Academy Cooperation Foundation (IACF), Silla University, 606, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Amnam-dong, Wonyang-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, Korea.
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Jalan Raya Kalirungkut Surabaya, Surabaya 60292, Indonesia.
Foods. 2021 Dec 8;10(12):3047. doi: 10.3390/foods10123047.
Alaska pollack roe (APR) is a protein source that is usually salted and fermented, containing a high salt content. Using a combination of superheated steam roasting and smoking, we developed a new low-salt ready-to-eat APR variant, whose quality characteristics we analyzed. The optimal conditions for roasting (216 °C for 4 min) and smoking (64 °C for 14 min) were obtained from sensorial attributes using response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions, smoke-roasted APR had an overall acceptance (OA) score of 8.89. The combination of roasting and smoking significantly increased volatile basic nitrogen (VBN, 18.6%) and decreased the total bacterial count (TBC, 38.6%), while thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were not affected. Smoke-roasting APR also increased its nutritional content to 30% protein with 44% essential amino acids, and more than 40% DHA and EPA in 4.3% fat. During 30 days of storage, the OA, VBN, TBARS, and TBC values significantly changed with time and storage temperature ( < 0.05). The shelf life of the product was estimated to be 24 d. In conclusion, the combination of roasting and smoking APR could improve product quality and may be an alternative to diversify processed APR.
阿拉斯加狭鳕鱼籽（APR）是一种通常经过腌制和发酵的蛋白质来源，含盐量高。我们采用过热蒸汽烘焙和烟熏相结合的方法，开发出了一种新的低盐即食型APR变体，并对其品质特性进行了分析。利用响应面法从感官属性中获得了烘焙（216℃，4分钟）和烟熏（64℃，14分钟）的最佳条件。在最佳条件下，烟熏烘焙的APR总体接受度（OA）评分为8.89。烘焙和烟熏相结合显著增加了挥发性盐基氮（VBN，18.6%）并降低了细菌总数（TBC，38.6%），而硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）未受影响。烟熏烘焙的APR还将其营养成分提高到30%的蛋白质，其中44%为必需氨基酸，在4.3%的脂肪中含有超过40%的DHA和EPA。在储存30天期间，OA、VBN、TBARS和TBC值随时间和储存温度显著变化（<0.05）。该产品的保质期估计为24天。总之，烘焙和烟熏APR相结合可以提高产品质量，可能是使加工后的APR多样化的一种替代方法。
