Mallory D L, Parrillo J E, Bailey K R, Akin G L, Brenner M, Lane H C, Fauci A S, Masur H
Crit Care Med. 1987 May;15(5):503-5. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198705000-00010.
Intramuscular (im) pentamidine isethionate can cause substantial local pain and inflammation at the injection site. This drug is being used more frequently in recent years to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia, particularly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clinicians began administering it iv despite warnings that iv administration might cause severe hypotension. We investigated the safety of im and iv pentamidine, monitoring hemodynamics after each dose in 11 patients with intra-arterial lines. Results showed only a small (but statistically significant) fall in mean arterial pressure after both im and slow (60 min) iv administration. A concomitant decrease in pulse occurred, but no change in cardiac output, pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure or systemic vascular resistance was noted. These results suggest that it may be safe to infuse pentamidine slowly intravenously. This route is more comfortable to patients than im administration.
肌肉注射（im）的乙磺半胱氨酸喷他脒可在注射部位引起严重的局部疼痛和炎症。近年来，这种药物越来越频繁地用于治疗肺孢子菌肺炎，尤其是在获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者中。尽管有警告称静脉注射（iv）可能会导致严重低血压，但临床医生仍开始进行静脉注射。我们研究了肌肉注射和静脉注射喷他脒的安全性，对11例有动脉内导管的患者在每次给药后监测血流动力学。结果显示，肌肉注射和缓慢（60分钟）静脉注射后平均动脉压仅有小幅（但具有统计学意义）下降。脉搏同时下降，但心输出量、肺毛细血管楔压或全身血管阻力无变化。这些结果表明，缓慢静脉输注喷他脒可能是安全的。与肌肉注射相比，这种给药途径对患者来说更舒适。
