Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation, Restoration and Ecological Services, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2022 Jan;111:442-451. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.019. Epub 2021 May 16.
With increasing pressure from anthropogenic activity in pristine environments, the comprehensive profiling of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to evaluate the potential risks from human-induced antibiotic resistance in these under-studied places. Here, we characterized the microbial resistome in relatively pristine soil samples collected from four distinct habitats on the Tibetan Plateau, using a Smart chip based high-throughput qPCR approach. We compared these to soils from the same habitats that had been subjected to various anthropogenic activities, including residential sewage discharge, animal farming, atmospheric deposition, and tourism activity. Compared to pristine samples, an average of 23.7% more ARGs were detected in the human-affected soils, and the ARGs enriched in these soils mainly encoded resistances to aminoglycoside and beta-lactam. Of the four habitats studied, soils subjected to animal farming showed the highest risks of ARG enrichment and dissemination. As shown, the number of ARGs enriched (a total of 42), their fold changes (17.6 fold on average), and the co-occurrence complexity between ARGs and mobile genetic elements were all the highest in fecal-polluted soils. As well as antibiotics themselves, heavy metals also influenced ARG distributional patterns in Tibetan environments. However, compared to urban areas, the Tibetan Plateau had a low potential for ARG selection and exhibited low carriage of ARGs by mobile genetic elements, even in environments impacted by humans, suggesting that these ARGs have a limited capacity to disseminate. The present study examined the effects of multiple anthropogenic activities on the soil resistomes in relatively pristine environments.
随着人类活动对原始环境的压力不断增加，全面分析抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）对于评估这些研究较少的地方人类诱导抗生素抗性的潜在风险至关重要。在这里，我们使用基于 Smart chip 的高通量 qPCR 方法，对青藏高原四个不同生境中相对原始的土壤样本中的微生物抗药性进行了特征描述。我们将这些样本与来自相同生境但受到各种人为活动影响的土壤进行了比较，这些人为活动包括住宅污水排放、动物养殖、大气沉降和旅游活动。与原始样本相比，受人类影响的土壤中平均检测到 23.7%更多的 ARGs，这些土壤中富集的 ARGs主要编码对氨基糖苷类和β-内酰胺类的抗性。在所研究的四个生境中，受动物养殖影响的土壤显示出 ARG 富集和传播的最高风险。研究表明，富集的 ARG 数量（共 42 个）、它们的倍数变化（平均 17.6 倍）以及 ARG 和移动遗传元件之间的共现复杂性在粪便污染土壤中均最高。除了抗生素本身，重金属也影响了青藏高原环境中 ARG 的分布模式。然而，与城市地区相比，青藏高原的 ARG 选择潜力较低，即使在受人类影响的环境中，移动遗传元件携带的 ARG 也较少，这表明这些 ARG 传播能力有限。本研究考察了多种人为活动对相对原始环境中土壤抗药性的影响。
