Sayed Mohammed A, Allam Mohamed, Heck Quinn Kalby, Urbanavičiūtė Ieva, Rutten Twan, Stuart David, Zakhrabekova Shakhira, Börner Andreas, Pillen Klaus, Hansson Mats, Youssef Helmy M
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany.
Faculty of Agriculture, Assuit University, Assuit 71526, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 20;10(12):2825. doi: 10.3390/plants10122825.
MADS-box transcription factors are crucial regulators of inflorescence and flower development in plants. Therefore, the recent interest in this family has received much attention in plant breeding programs due to their impact on plant development and inflorescence architecture. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of genes in lateral spikelet development in barley ( L.). A set of 30 spike-contrasting barley lines were phenotypically and genotypically investigated under controlled conditions. We detected clear variations in the spike and spikelet development during the developmental stages among the tested lines. The lateral florets in the and lines were more reduced than in two-rowed cultivars except Kristina. Interestingly, Kristina, and exhibited the same behavior as regarding development and showed reduced lateral florets size. In HOR1555, HOR7191 and HOR7041, the lateral florets continued their development, eventually setting seeds. In contrast, lateral florets in two-rowed barley stopped differentiating after the awn primordia stage giving rise to lateral floret sterility. At harvest, the lines tested showed large variation for all central and lateral spikelet-related traits. Phylogenetic analysis showed that more than half of the 108 genes identified are highly conserved and are expressed in different barley tissues. Re-sequence analysis of a subset of these genes showed clear polymorphism in either SNPs or in/del. Variation in correlated with altered lateral spikelet morphology. This suggests that plays an important role in lateral spikelet development in barley.
MADS盒转录因子是植物花序和花发育的关键调节因子。因此，由于其对植物发育和花序结构的影响，该家族最近在植物育种计划中备受关注。本研究的目的是调查大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）中基因在侧小穗发育中的作用。在可控条件下对一组30个穗型对比的大麦品系进行了表型和基因型研究。我们检测到在发育阶段，测试品系间穗和小穗发育存在明显差异。除了克里斯蒂娜（Kristina）外，六棱和多棱品系中的侧小花比二棱品种中的更退化。有趣的是，克里斯蒂娜、多棱和六棱在发育方面表现出与多棱相同的行为，且侧小花尺寸减小。在HOR1555、HOR7191和HOR7041中，侧小花继续发育，最终结籽。相比之下，二棱大麦中的侧小花在芒原基阶段后停止分化，导致侧小花不育。收获时，测试的品系在所有与中央和侧小穗相关的性状上表现出很大差异。系统发育分析表明，鉴定出的108个HvMADS基因中，超过一半高度保守，并在不同的大麦组织中表达。对这些基因的一个子集进行重测序分析，结果显示在单核苷酸多态性（SNP）或插入/缺失方面存在明显的多态性。HvMADS的变异与侧小穗形态的改变相关。这表明HvMADS在大麦侧小穗发育中起重要作用。
