Cheng Ming-Xing, Li Chen-Hui, Meng Wei, Wang Chen
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2021 Dec 25;73(6):963-972.
Stroke is the second most common cause of death after cancer worldwide and a major cause of acquired disability in adults. Overwhelming majority of strokes are caused by cerebral ischemia and are classified as ischemic stroke. Microglia are the resident immune cells and play dual roles in response to ischemia injury in the central nervous system (CNS). On the one hand, microglia may contribute to tissue function recovery process by promoting inflammation resolution, cellular debris clearance, nerve regeneration and synapse remodeling. On the other hand, excessive activation of microglia aggravates nerve damage after ischemic injury. Here, we briefly describe the mechanism of microglia activation after stroke, and comprehensively review the dual role of microglia in neurodegeneration and regeneration after stroke. In-depth exploration of the cytotoxic and protective mechanisms of microglia will provide new targets and new strategies for stroke treatment.
中风是全球仅次于癌症的第二大常见死因，也是成年人后天残疾的主要原因。绝大多数中风是由脑缺血引起的，被归类为缺血性中风。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的常驻免疫细胞，在对缺血性损伤的反应中发挥双重作用。一方面，小胶质细胞可通过促进炎症消退、清除细胞碎片、神经再生和突触重塑来促进组织功能恢复。另一方面，小胶质细胞的过度激活会加重缺血性损伤后的神经损伤。在此，我们简要描述中风后小胶质细胞激活的机制，并全面综述小胶质细胞在中风后神经退行性变和再生中的双重作用。深入探索小胶质细胞的细胞毒性和保护机制将为中风治疗提供新的靶点和新的策略。
