Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2022 May;33(7):900-945. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2021.2021351. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
The development of materials based on thermoplastic starch (TPS) is an excellent alternative to replace or reduce the use of petroleum-derived polymers. The abundance, renewable origin, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low cost of starch are among the advantages related to the application of TPS compared to other thermoplastic biopolymers. However, through the literature review, it was possible to observe the need to improve some properties, to allow TPS to replace commonly used polyolefins. The studies reviewed achieved these modifications were achieved by using plasticizers, adjusting processing conditions, and incorporating fillers. In this sense, the addition of nanofillers proved to be the main modification strategy due to the large number of available nanofillers and the low charge concentration required for such improvement. The improvement can be seen in thermal, mechanical, electrical, optical, magnetic, antimicrobial, barrier, biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, solubility, and swelling properties. These modification strategies, the reviewed studies described the development of a wide range of materials. These are products with great potential for targeting different applications. Thus, this review addresses a wide range of essential aspects in developing of this type of nanocomposite. Covering from starch sources, processing routes, characterization methods, the properties of the obtained nanocomposites, to the various applications. Therefore, this review will provide an overview for everyone interested in working with TPS nanocomposites. Through a comprehensive review of the subject, which in most studies is done in a way directed to a specific area of study.
基于热塑性淀粉（TPS）的材料的开发是替代或减少石油衍生聚合物使用的绝佳选择。与其他热塑性生物聚合物相比，淀粉的丰富、可再生来源、可生物降解性、生物相容性和低成本是与 TPS 应用相关的优势之一。然而，通过文献回顾，可以观察到需要改进一些性能，以使 TPS 能够替代常用的聚烯烃。综述中研究实现这些改性的方法是通过使用增塑剂、调整加工条件和加入填充剂。从这个意义上说，添加纳米填充剂被证明是主要的改性策略，因为有大量可用的纳米填充剂和实现这种改进所需的低电荷浓度。这种改进可以在热学、力学、电学、光学、磁学、抗菌、阻隔、生物相容性、细胞毒性、溶解度和溶胀性能方面得到体现。这些改性策略，综述中描述了广泛的材料的发展。这些产品具有针对不同应用的巨大潜力。因此，本综述涉及开发这种类型的纳米复合材料的广泛的重要方面。涵盖了从淀粉来源、加工路线、表征方法、获得的纳米复合材料的性能到各种应用。因此，本综述将为对 TPS 纳米复合材料感兴趣的每个人提供一个概述。通过对该主题的全面综述，在大多数研究中，都是针对特定的研究领域进行的。
