Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Chem Biol Interact. 2022 Jan 25;352:109794. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109794. Epub 2021 Dec 25.
Noscapine is a phthalide isoquinoline alkaloid with antitussive activity. Noscapine protects oligodendroglia from ischemic and chemical injury, binds to bitter taste receptors, antagonizes the bradykinin and histaminergic systems, which may be of benefit in treatment of multiple sclerosis. Noscapine normalizes axonal transport and exerts significant therapeutic efficacy in animal models of Parkinson's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Noscapine exerts neuroprotective effects on oxygen- and glucose-deprived fetal cortical neuronal cells and reduces ischemic brain damage in neonatal rat pups. Pilot clinical studies indicated some beneficial effects of noscapine in stroke. Noscapine harbours anxiolytic activity and methyl-noscapine blocks small conductance SK channels, which is beneficial in alleviating anxiety and depression. Noscapine exerts anticholinesterase activity and acts inhibitory on the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, which may be harnessed in treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. With its blood-brain barrier traversing features and versatile actions, noscapine may be a promising agent in the armamentarium against neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
北美黄连碱是一种具有镇咳活性的苯酞异喹啉生物碱。北美黄连碱可保护少突胶质细胞免受缺血和化学损伤，与苦味受体结合，拮抗缓激肽和组胺能系统，这可能对多发性硬化症的治疗有益。北美黄连碱可使轴突运输正常化，并在帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症的动物模型中发挥显著的治疗效果。北美黄连碱对缺氧和葡萄糖剥夺的胎皮质神经元细胞具有神经保护作用，并减少新生大鼠幼仔的缺血性脑损伤。初步临床研究表明，北美黄连碱对中风有一定的治疗作用。北美黄连碱具有抗焦虑活性，甲基北美黄连碱可阻断小电导 SK 通道，这有利于缓解焦虑和抑郁。北美黄连碱具有抗胆碱酯酶活性，并对炎症转录因子 NF-κB 起抑制作用，这可能有助于治疗阿尔茨海默病。由于其具有血脑屏障穿透特性和多种作用，北美黄连碱可能是对抗神经退行性和精神疾病的一种有前途的药物。
