Fazekas F, Chawluk J B, Alavi A, Hurtig H I, Zimmerman R A
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987 Aug;149(2):351-6. doi: 10.2214/ajr.149.2.351.
The type, frequency, and extent of MR signal abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging are a subject of controversy. With a 1.5-MR unit we studied 12 Alzheimer patients, four subjects suffering from multiinfarct dementia and nine age-matched controls. Punctate or early confluent high-signal abnormalities in the deep white matter, noted in 60% of both Alzheimer patients and controls, were unrelated to the presence of hypertension or other vascular risk factors. A significant number of Alzheimer patients exhibited a more extensive smooth "halo" of periventricular hyperintensity when compared with controls (p = .024). Widespread deep white-matter hyperintensity (two patients) and extensive, irregular periventricular hyperintensity (three patients) were seen in multiinfarct dementia. Areas of high signal intensity affecting hippocampal and sylvian cortex were also present in five Alzheimer and two multiinfarct dementia patients, but absent in controls. Discrete, small foci of deep white-matter hyperintensity are not characteristic of Alzheimer's disease nor do they appear to imply a vascular cause for the dementing illness. The frequently observed "halo" of periventricular hyperintensity in Alzheimer's disease may be of diagnostic importance. High-signal abnormalities in specific cortical regions are likely to reflect disease processes localized to those structures.
阿尔茨海默病和正常衰老中磁共振信号异常的类型、频率及范围存在争议。我们使用一台1.5磁共振设备研究了12例阿尔茨海默病患者、4例患有多发梗死性痴呆的受试者以及9例年龄匹配的对照者。在阿尔茨海默病患者和对照者中，均有60%在深部白质出现点状或早期融合性高信号异常，这与高血压或其他血管危险因素无关。与对照者相比，相当数量的阿尔茨海默病患者表现出更广泛的脑室周围高信号平滑“晕”（p = 0.024）。在多发梗死性痴呆中可见广泛的深部白质高信号（2例患者）和广泛、不规则的脑室周围高信号（3例患者）。5例阿尔茨海默病患者和2例多发梗死性痴呆患者也存在影响海马和颞叶皮质的高信号强度区域，但对照者中未出现。深部白质离散的小病灶不是阿尔茨海默病的特征，也似乎不意味着痴呆疾病的血管病因。阿尔茨海默病中经常观察到的脑室周围高信号“晕”可能具有诊断意义。特定皮质区域的高信号异常可能反映了局限于这些结构的疾病过程。
