National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia, Jalan Percetakan Negara. 29, Jakarta, 10560, Indonesia.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 30;21(1):2332. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12260-z.
Depression among elderly individuals is related to physical illness, functional status, prolonged treatment and other factors. Depression is not effectively treated with medication but can be alleviated by treating the physical illness and improving functional status. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between functional status and depression in elderly individuals in Indonesia.
The data used were obtained from a national survey dataset, namely, the Basic Health Research and Socio-Economic Survey in 2018, which was carried out in 34 provinces and 514 districts or cities. The total number of respondents was 93,829, aged ≥60 years. Functional status and depression were assessed using the Barthel index and MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview), respectively. Furthermore, data processing was carried out with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 program and analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression with the complex sample method.
Elderly individuals with severe dependence were at the greatest risk of becoming depressed compared to those without functional impairment or with independence after considering sociodemographic factors and disease history have 5.730 (95% CI = 4.302-7.632) the adj odds. Furthermore, this figure was higher than that of individuals with total dependence have 4.147 (95% CI = 3.231-5.231) the adj odds. The physical illness experienced also played a role in the risk for depression, which was higher among elderly individuals with stroke and a history of injury. The sociodemographic factors involved include low education and economic levels. In contrast, the area of residence and marital status had no statistically significant effect on the relationship between functional disorders and depression.
Elderly individuals with decreased functional status are prone to depression. The highest probability for depression was observed among those with severe dependence compared to those with total dependence. Consequently, interventions that involve various sectors, including social and family support, are needed.
老年人的抑郁与身体疾病、功能状态、长期治疗等因素有关。药物治疗对抑郁的效果并不理想，但通过治疗身体疾病和改善功能状态可以缓解抑郁。因此，本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚老年人的功能状态与抑郁之间的关系。
使用的数据来自于 2018 年国家调查数据集，即基本健康研究和社会经济调查，该调查在 34 个省和 514 个区或市进行。总共有 93829 名年龄≥60 岁的受访者。功能状态和抑郁分别使用巴氏指数和 MINI（迷你国际神经精神访谈）进行评估。此外，使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）第 26 版程序进行数据处理，并使用复杂样本方法进行卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析。
在考虑社会人口统计学因素和疾病史后，与无功能障碍或独立的老年人相比，严重依赖的老年人患抑郁的风险最高，调整后的优势比（adj odds）为 5.730（95%置信区间[CI]：4.302-7.632）。此外，这一数字高于完全依赖的个体，调整后的优势比为 4.147（95%CI：3.231-5.231）。所经历的身体疾病也与抑郁风险有关，患有中风和受伤史的老年人患病风险更高。所涉及的社会人口统计学因素包括低教育和经济水平。相比之下，居住地区和婚姻状况对功能障碍与抑郁之间的关系没有统计学意义。
功能状态下降的老年人易患抑郁。与完全依赖的老年人相比，严重依赖的老年人患抑郁的可能性最高。因此，需要包括社会和家庭支持在内的各个部门的干预措施。
