Prescott James, Barkovskii Andrei L
Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, Georgia, USA.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Apr;132(4):3343-3354. doi: 10.1111/jam.15435. Epub 2022 Jan 15.
To understand spatial-temporal distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in triploid Crassostrea virginica in off-bottom aquaculture.
Oysters, sediments and water were seasonally collected in Georgia, USA. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were quantified with tlh/tdh/trh and vvhA genes, respectively. No tdh/trh genes were detected. Highest concentrations of tlh gene were observed in summer sediments > oysters > water (10 /g, 10 /g, 10 /ml). VvhA concentrations were similar in sediments and oysters but never exceeded ≥3 × 10 /ml in water. Concentrations of tlh and vvhA genes correlated to temperature and turbidity, respectively, which along with their different spatial distribution indicated different environmental drivers. In oysters, ratios of the tlh and vvhA to 16S rRNA gene have increased from 0 to 10 and 10 in summer, while these ratios in water and sediments were lower by 2-3 orders of magnitude.
Dynamics of tlh and vvhA concentrations and abundances suggested enrichment of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus by off-bottom triploid oysters in summer resulting in their abundance by far exceeding that in water.
This first report on enrichment of Vibrio pathogens in triploid oysters with no direct contact to sediments reveals a threat to human health suggesting their monitoring in triploid off-bottom C. virginica aquaculture.
了解三倍体美国弗吉尼亚牡蛎底播养殖中副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌的时空分布。
在美国佐治亚州季节性采集牡蛎、沉积物和水。分别用tlh/tdh/trh和vvhA基因对副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌进行定量。未检测到tdh/trh基因。夏季沉积物中tlh基因浓度最高>牡蛎>水（10/g，10/g，10/ml）。沉积物和牡蛎中的vvhA浓度相似，但水中浓度从未超过≥3×10/ml。tlh和vvhA基因浓度分别与温度和浊度相关，连同它们不同的空间分布表明环境驱动因素不同。在牡蛎中，夏季tlh和vvhA与16S rRNA基因的比率分别从0增加到10和10，而水和沉积物中的这些比率低2-3个数量级。
tlh和vvhA浓度及丰度动态表明，夏季三倍体底播牡蛎富集了副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌，导致其丰度远远超过水中的丰度。
这是关于三倍体牡蛎在不直接接触沉积物情况下富集弧菌病原体的首次报告，揭示了对人类健康的威胁，表明在三倍体底播美国弗吉尼亚牡蛎养殖中对其进行监测的必要性。
