Funamoto Kaori Zaiki, Furuhashi Mariko Akita, Muta Kazuma, Ozawa Noriyasu, Nakaoji Koichi, Hamada Kazuhiko, Kikuchi Katsuko, Tagami Hachiro
Research and Development Division, Pias Corporation, Kobe, JPN.
Department of Dermatology, Sendai Taihaku Dermatology Clinic, Sendai, JPN.
Cureus. 2021 Nov 25;13(11):e19904. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19904. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Introduction There is little information regarding skin conditions in infants and children, especially with respect to age, anatomical sites, and seasonal variations. This study aimed to compare the physiological skin characteristics of infants and children with those of women. Methods This study involved skin measurements and a questionnaire-based survey assessing healthy infants and children aged one month to six years and four months (37 males and 48 females) and 15 healthy women in their twenties in the summer, and healthy infants and children aged two months to six years and seven months (34 males and 45 females) and 15 healthy women in their twenties in the winter. The physiological characteristics of the skin of infants and children were surveyed by age. We excluded infants and children with allergic symptoms at the time of measurement. There were 11 subjects with a history of atopic dermatitis. Results Compared with women, infants and children had lower stratum corneum water content and higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL) at most sites. Minimal sebum secretion was observed throughout the body in infants and children aged ≥1 year. The skin surface pH of infants and children was low throughout the body. The questionnaire revealed that skin issues were most common at the anterior neck and cubital fossa, where TEWL was markedly high. These results suggest that barrier function is less developed in the skin of infants and children than in the skin of women. Conclusions The physiological characteristics of skin varied depending on age, anatomical site, and season; hence, skincare guidance must be provided according to these factors.
引言 关于婴幼儿皮肤状况的信息很少，尤其是在年龄、解剖部位和季节变化方面。本研究旨在比较婴幼儿与女性的皮肤生理特征。方法 本研究包括皮肤测量和问卷调查，评估夏季1个月至6岁零4个月的健康婴幼儿（37名男性和48名女性）以及15名20多岁的健康女性，以及冬季2个月至6岁零7个月的健康婴幼儿（34名男性和45名女性）和15名20多岁的健康女性。按年龄对婴幼儿皮肤的生理特征进行调查。测量时排除有过敏症状的婴幼儿。有11名受试者有特应性皮炎病史。结果 与女性相比，婴幼儿在大多数部位的角质层含水量较低，经表皮水分流失（TEWL）较高。在≥1岁的婴幼儿全身观察到皮脂分泌极少。婴幼儿全身皮肤表面pH值较低。问卷调查显示，皮肤问题在前颈部和肘窝最为常见，此处TEWL明显较高。这些结果表明，婴幼儿皮肤的屏障功能比女性皮肤发育较差。结论 皮肤的生理特征因年龄、解剖部位和季节而异；因此，必须根据这些因素提供皮肤护理指导。
