半月板股骨韧带的患病率、生物力学及病理学：一项系统评价
Prevalence, Biomechanics, and Pathologies of the Meniscofemoral Ligaments: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Deckey David G, Tummala Sailesh, Verhey Jens T, Hassebrock Jeffrey D, Dulle Donald, Miller Mark D, Chhabra Anikar
机构信息
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.
出版信息
Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2021 Nov 26;3(6):e2093-e2101. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.006. eCollection 2021 Dec.
PURPOSE
To systematically review the literature to examine current understanding of the meniscofemoral ligaments (MFLs), their function, their importance in clinical management, and known anatomical variants.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Studies were included if they reported on the biomechanical, radiographic, or arthroscopic evaluation of human MFLs, or if they reported on an anatomical variant. These were then categorized as cadaveric, radiographic, or clinical. Biomechanical, radiographic, patient-reported, and functional outcomes data were recorded.
RESULTS
Forty-seven studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and 26 of them were included in the quantitative analysis. Of these, there were 15 cadaveric, 3 arthroscopic, and 9 radiographic studies that reported on the prevalence of MFLs. Overall, when looking at all modalities, the presence of either the anterior or posterior MFL (aMFL, pMFL) has been noted to be 70.8%, with it being the aMFL 17.4% and the pMFL 40.6%. The presence of both ligaments occurs in approximately 17.6% of individuals. Eleven reported on mean MFL length and thickness. When evaluating mean length in both men and women, the aMFL has been reported between 21.6 and 28.3 mm and the pMFL length in this population is between 23.4 and 31.2 mm. Five reported on cross-sectional area. Nine additional papers report anatomical variants.
CONCLUSIONS
This review shows that there continues to be a variable incidence of MFLs reported in the literature, but our understanding of their function continues to broaden. A growing number of anatomic and biomechanical studies have demonstrated the importance of the MFLs in supporting knee stability. Specifically, the MFLs serve an important role in protecting the lateral meniscus and augmenting the function of the posterior cruciate ligament.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our findings will aid the clinician in both identifying and treating pathologies of the meniscofemoral ligaments.
目的
系统回顾文献，以审视目前对半月板股骨韧带（MFLs）的认识、其功能、在临床管理中的重要性以及已知的解剖变异。
方法
按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南，使用PubMed、EMBASE和Cochrane数据库进行系统评价。如果研究报告了人类MFLs的生物力学、影像学或关节镜评估，或者报告了解剖变异，则纳入研究。然后将这些研究分为尸体研究、影像学研究或临床研究。记录生物力学、影像学、患者报告和功能结局数据。
结果
47项研究纳入定性分析，其中26项纳入定量分析。其中，有15项尸体研究、3项关节镜研究和9项影像学研究报告了MFLs的发生率。总体而言，从所有方式来看，前或后MFL（aMFL、pMFL）的存在率为70.8%，其中aMFL为17.4%，pMFL为40.6%。两条韧带都存在的情况约占个体的17.6%。11项研究报告了MFL的平均长度和厚度。在评估男性和女性的平均长度时，aMFL的报告长度在21.6至28.3毫米之间，该人群中pMFL的长度在23.4至31.2毫米之间。5项研究报告了横截面积。另外9篇论文报告了解剖变异。
结论
本综述表明，文献中报道的MFLs发生率仍然存在差异，但我们对其功能的理解在不断拓宽。越来越多的解剖学和生物力学研究表明MFLs在维持膝关节稳定性方面的重要性。具体而言，MFLs在保护外侧半月板和增强后交叉韧带功能方面发挥着重要作用。
临床意义
我们的研究结果将有助于临床医生识别和治疗半月板股骨韧带的病变。
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