Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 633, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 636, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Jan 3;22(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02574-3.
Researchers have emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men's and women's functional status over time. To date, the literature is unclear about whether sex affects the rate of change in disability in middle to older age. Researchers have further emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men's and women's functional status over time. We examined (a) sex differences in disability trends and (b) the determinants of the rate of change in disability for men and women 50 years and older.
This study utilized the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging Survey, a nationally representative database (four waves of survey data 1996-2007, N = 3429). We modeled and compared the differences in disability trends and the influences of determinants on trends among men and women using multiple-indicator and multiple-group latent growth curves modeling (LGCM). Equality constraints were imposed on 10 determinants across groups.
Once disability began, women progressed toward greater disability 18% faster than men. Greater age added about 1.2 times the burden to the rate of change in disability for women than men (p < 0.001). More comorbidities also added significantly more burden to baseline disability and rate of change in disability among women than men (p < 0.001), but women benefited more from higher education levels in lower baseline disability and slower rate of change. Having a better social network was associated with lower baseline disability among women only (p < 0.05). For both men and women, physically active leisure-time activities were beneficial in lower baseline disability (p < 0.001) and rate of change in disability (p < 0.01; p < 0.05), with no significant differences between groups.
Age may widen the sex gap in the rate of change in disability. However, both sexes benefit from participating in leisure-time activities. Promoting health literacy improves health outcomes and physical function among women.
研究人员强调了研究不同因素如何随时间影响男性和女性的功能状态的重要性。迄今为止，文献尚不清楚性别是否会影响中年及以上人群残疾的变化率。研究人员进一步强调了研究不同因素如何随时间影响男性和女性的功能状态的重要性。我们检查了（a）残疾趋势中的性别差异，以及（b）50 岁及以上男性和女性残疾变化率的决定因素。
本研究使用了具有全国代表性的数据库（1996-2007 年四次调查数据，N=3429）的台湾老龄化纵向研究调查。我们使用多指标和多组潜在增长曲线模型（LGCM）对男性和女性的残疾趋势差异和决定因素对趋势的影响进行建模和比较。在组间对 10 个决定因素施加了平等约束。
一旦残疾开始，女性的残疾进展速度比男性快 18%。年龄的增加对女性残疾变化率的影响是男性的 1.2 倍（p<0.001）。更多的合并症也显著增加了女性的基线残疾和残疾变化率的负担（p<0.001），但女性从较低的基线残疾和较慢的残疾变化率中受益于更高的教育水平。拥有更好的社交网络仅与女性的基线残疾较低有关（p<0.05）。对于男性和女性，积极的休闲时间体育活动都有利于降低基线残疾（p<0.001）和残疾变化率（p<0.01；p<0.05），但组间无显著差异。
年龄可能会扩大残疾变化率中的性别差距。然而，两性都从参与休闲时间活动中受益。提高健康素养可以改善女性的健康结果和身体功能。
