Department of Clinical Medicine, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Ophthalmology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan 3;22(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12886-021-02236-3.
To characterise the topographical and clinical features of primary iris melanoma and to visualise the patterns of tumour extent in the iris.
Clinical characteristics of iris melanomas were analysed, and data on their size, shape, and location were converted into a database of two-dimensional iris charts by means of computer-drawing software. The geometric centre of each tumour was entered into corresponding sectors of the chart. The extent of the melanomas was computationally visualised by merging the iris drawings and displaying the number of overlapping tumours on colour-coded iris maps.
Twenty-nine patients (18 females and 11 males) with a mean age of 52 years met the inclusion criteria. The mean largest tumour diameter was 6.1 mm (range, 1.8-11.0 mm). Five tumours (17%) involved the pupillary margin, 10 (34%) involved the iris root, and 10 (34%) involved both sites. The hemispheric location of the tumour centroid was superior in 3 eyes (11%) and inferior in 25 (89%) (p < 0.0001), and the distribution between the temporal and nasal hemispheres was 17 (61%) and 11 (39%), respectively (p = 0.26). In females, the iris melanomas were located more temporally (p = 0.02) and had more often originated from a pre-existing naevus (p = 0.03), than in males. There was also shift towards more temporally located melanomas in younger patients.
The lower temporal iris quadrant is the preferential area of melanoma occurrence and growth. Iris melanoma tends to be more temporally located in females, who compared with males also have a higher proportion of melanomas arising from a pre-existing naevus.
描述原发性虹膜黑色素瘤的 topography 和临床特征，并观察虹膜中肿瘤范围的模式。
分析虹膜黑色素瘤的临床特征，并通过计算机绘图软件将其大小、形状和位置等数据转化为二维虹膜图表数据库。将每个肿瘤的几何中心输入图表的相应扇区。通过合并虹膜绘图并在彩色编码的虹膜图上显示重叠肿瘤的数量，计算出黑色素瘤的范围。
29 名符合纳入标准的患者（18 名女性和 11 名男性），平均年龄为 52 岁。最大肿瘤直径的平均值为 6.1mm（范围，1.8-11.0mm）。5 个肿瘤（17%）累及瞳孔缘，10 个肿瘤（34%）累及虹膜根部，10 个肿瘤（34%）累及两个部位。肿瘤质心的半球位置在 3 只眼（11%）中为上方，在 25 只眼（89%）中为下方（p<0.0001），在颞侧和鼻侧的分布分别为 17 只眼（61%）和 11 只眼（39%）（p=0.26）。在女性中，虹膜黑色素瘤的位置更偏向颞侧（p=0.02），且更常源自于先前存在的痣（p=0.03），而在男性中则不是这样。在较年轻的患者中，也存在向颞侧更偏向黑色素瘤的趋势。
下颞部虹膜象限是黑色素瘤发生和生长的首选区域。虹膜黑色素瘤在女性中更倾向于位于颞侧，与男性相比，女性中源自先前存在的痣的黑色素瘤比例也更高。
