Sahraiian Vahideh, Khazali Homayoun
Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Rep Biochem Mol Biol. 2021 Oct;10(3):380-386. doi: 10.52547/rbmb.10.3.380.
Memory-dependent psychological behaviors have an important role in life. Memory strengthening in adulthood to prevent its defects in aging is a significant issue. The ghrelin endogenous hormone improves memory by targeting glutamatergic and serotonergic circuits. Also, citicoline, a memory strengthening drug in aging, is not recommended to adults due to its side effects. The current study aims to test that ghrelin treatment, like citicoline, would improve passive avoidance memory via expression of the genes encoding the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor () and the serotonin receptor 1A () involved in this process.
Five groups of adult male rats received (1) saline (as control), (2) 0.5 mg/kg citicoline, or (3-5) 0.3, 1.5, and 3 nmol/μl ghrelin). The rats received the drugs via intra-hippocampal injection. Passive avoidance memory was determined using a shuttle box device. The latency to enter the dark chamber before (IL) and after (RL) injection and the total duration of the animal's presence in the light compartment (TLC) were evaluated. Then, the gene expression rates of and were measured by the Real-Time PCR.
Ghrelin and citicoline had some similar and significant effects on passive avoidance memory, and both increased and decreased expression.
Ghrelin, like citicoline, improves passive avoidance learning by altering the and expression in the hippocampus.
依赖记忆的心理行为在生活中具有重要作用。在成年期增强记忆以预防其在衰老过程中的缺陷是一个重要问题。胃饥饿素这种内源性激素通过作用于谷氨酸能和血清素能神经回路来改善记忆。此外，胞磷胆碱是一种用于改善衰老相关记忆的药物，但因其副作用不推荐给成年人使用。本研究旨在测试胃饥饿素治疗是否像胞磷胆碱一样，通过参与这一过程的编码N - 甲基 - D - 天冬氨酸受体（ ）和5 - 羟色胺受体1A（ ）的基因表达来改善被动回避记忆。
将成年雄性大鼠分为五组，分别给予（1）生理盐水（作为对照）、（2）0.5 mg/kg胞磷胆碱，或（3 - 5）0.3、1.5和3 nmol/μl胃饥饿素。大鼠通过海马内注射给药。使用穿梭箱装置测定被动回避记忆。评估注射前（IL）和注射后（RL）进入暗室的潜伏期以及动物在明室的总停留时间（TLC）。然后，通过实时定量PCR测量 和 的基因表达率。
胃饥饿素和胞磷胆碱对被动回避记忆有一些相似且显著的影响，两者均增加 表达并降低 表达。
与胞磷胆碱一样，胃饥饿素通过改变海马中 和 的表达来改善被动回避学习。
