Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Community Dent Health. 2022 May 27;39(2):92-98. doi: 10.1922/CDH_00201Parker07.
To assess the psychometric properties, including face, content, criterion and known-groups validity and reliability, of scales to measure oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism in a regional Aboriginal adult population in Australia.
Four hundred Aboriginal adults (aged 18-82 years, 67% female) completed a self-report questionnaire including items pertaining to oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism. Structural validity was determined in exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal components analysis for each scale. Criterion validity was assessed between the instruments and theoretically related variables. Known-groups validity was investigated by comparing the scores in different population groups according to age, sex, education and employment. Reliability of the scales was assessed through internal consistency.
The EFA confirmed a single factor structure for self-efficacy and fatalism scales, with Cronbach's alphas of 0.93 and 0.89 respectively. The two scales were not correlated. Oral health-related self-efficacy was associated with toothbrush ownership and brushing the previous day supporting criterion validity. Oral health-related fatalism was associated with previous extractions and perceived need for extractions also supporting criterion validity. Both measures were associated with social impact of oral health as measured by the OHIP-14, supporting their criterion validity. Mixed findings were observed in terms of known-groups validity.
There was initial evidence that measures of oral health-related self-efficacy and fatalism displayed adequate psychometric properties in this Aboriginal community. These constructs could have implications for approaches for improving oral health among Aboriginal people.
评估在澳大利亚一个地区的土著成年人中，用于测量口腔健康相关自我效能感和宿命感的量表的心理测量学特性，包括表面效度、内容效度、效标效度和已知组效度和信度。
400 名土著成年人（年龄 18-82 岁，67%为女性）完成了一份自我报告问卷，其中包括与口腔健康相关的自我效能感和宿命感的项目。每个量表的结构效度均通过探索性因子分析（EFA）和主成分分析来确定。效标效度通过与理论上相关的变量进行评估。已知组效度通过根据年龄、性别、教育和就业情况在不同人群组中比较得分来研究。量表的信度通过内部一致性进行评估。
EFA 证实了自我效能感和宿命感量表的单一因素结构，Cronbach's α 系数分别为 0.93 和 0.89。这两个量表不相关。口腔健康相关的自我效能感与牙刷拥有情况和前一天刷牙情况有关，支持效标效度。口腔健康相关的宿命感与前次拔牙和感知拔牙需求有关，也支持效标效度。这两个指标都与 OHIP-14 测量的口腔健康的社会影响有关，支持其效标效度。在已知组的有效性方面，观察到了混合的结果。
有初步证据表明，在这个土著社区中，口腔健康相关自我效能感和宿命感的测量方法具有足够的心理测量学特性。这些结构可能对改善土著人民的口腔健康的方法具有影响。
