Grabnar Maria, Roach Mary Joan, Abd-Elsayed Alaa, Kim Chong
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University/MetroHealth, Cleveland, OH.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
Ochsner J. 2021 Winter;21(4):358-363. doi: 10.31486/toj.21.0013.
To reduce pain and anxiety associated with interventional pain procedures, sedation is often used, with benzodiazepines, opioids, and propofol the most commonly used classes of drugs for sedation. However, patient coherence and ability to communicate procedural pain and abnormal sensations help prevent adverse outcomes. Therefore, discovering alternative therapies to mitigate the anxiety and pain associated with these procedures and to minimize risk is important. The aim of our study was to investigate whether lavender has an effect on pain and anxiety associated with lumbar epidural steroid injections and lumbar medial branch blocks. In this randomized controlled study, 54 subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 intervention groups, and 46 patients were included in the final analysis: experimental lavender group (n=17), control almond oil group (n=15), and placebo sterile water group (n=14). Patients wore a mask infused with either lavender, almond oil, or water for 5 minutes prior to and during their procedure. Patients rated their anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory prior to and after the procedure based on how they felt during the procedure. Patients rated their pain according to the numerical rating scale. Outcome measures were a comparison of pain among the 3 groups and a comparison of the change in anxiety before and after the procedure among the 3 groups. The lavender group demonstrated the highest mean change in anxiety scores (9.9) compared to almond oil (5.3) and water (3.6) preprocedurally vs postprocedurally. The lavender group also reported the lowest mean pain level (3.8) compared to almond oil (5.6) and water (5.6). However, none of the differences between groups showed statistical significance at the <0.05 level. Lavender may have a clinically beneficial effect on anxiety levels and pain reduction.
为减轻与介入性疼痛治疗相关的疼痛和焦虑，常使用镇静剂，苯二氮䓬类、阿片类药物和丙泊酚是最常用的镇静药物类别。然而，患者的连贯性以及表达治疗过程中的疼痛和异常感觉的能力有助于预防不良后果。因此，找到替代疗法来减轻与这些治疗相关的焦虑和疼痛并将风险降至最低很重要。我们研究的目的是调查薰衣草是否对与腰椎硬膜外类固醇注射和腰椎内侧支阻滞相关的疼痛和焦虑有影响。在这项随机对照研究中，54名受试者被随机分配到3个干预组中的1组，46名患者纳入最终分析：实验薰衣草组（n = 17）、对照杏仁油组（n = 15）和安慰剂无菌水组（n = 14）。患者在治疗前和治疗期间佩戴浸有薰衣草、杏仁油或水的面罩5分钟。患者在治疗前和治疗后根据治疗期间的感受使用状态-特质焦虑量表对焦虑程度进行评分。患者根据数字评分量表对疼痛进行评分。结果指标是3组之间疼痛的比较以及3组治疗前后焦虑变化的比较。与杏仁油组（5.3）和水组（3.6）相比，薰衣草组在治疗前和治疗后的焦虑评分平均变化最高（9.9）。与杏仁油组（5.6）和水组（5.6）相比，薰衣草组报告的平均疼痛水平也最低（3.8）。然而，组间差异在<0.05水平均无统计学意义。薰衣草可能对焦虑水平和减轻疼痛具有临床有益作用。
