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唾液和肠道转录组揭示了饥饿、进食和感染状态下的差异基因表达。

Salivary and Intestinal Transcriptomes Reveal Differential Gene Expression in Starving, Fed and -Infected .

机构信息

Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.

Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.

出版信息

Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Dec 17;11:773357. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.773357. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

is a potential vector of (Tc), the causative agent of Chagas disease. The salivary glands (SGs) and intestine (INT) are actively required during blood feeding. The saliva from SGs is injected into the vertebrate host, modulating immune responses and favoring feeding for INT digestion. Tc infection significantly alters the physiology of these tissues; however, studies that assess this are still scarce. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the global transcriptional expression of genes in SGs and INT during fasting (FA), fed (FE), and fed in the presence of Tc (FE + Tc) conditions. In FA, the expression of transcripts related to homeostasis maintenance proteins during periods of stress was predominant. Therefore, the transcript levels of Tret1-like and Hsp70Ba proteins were increased. Blood appeared to be responsible for alterations found in the FE group, as most of the expressed transcripts, such as proteases and cathepsin D, were related to digestion. In FE + Tc group, there was a decreased expression of blood processing genes for insect metabolism (e.g., Antigen-5 precursor, Pr13a, and Obp), detoxification (Sult1) in INT and acid phosphatases in SG. We also found decreased transcriptional expression of lipocalins and nitrophorins in SG and two new proteins, pacifastin and diptericin, in INT. Several transcripts of unknown proteins with investigative potential were found in both tissues. Our results also show that the presence of Tc can change the expression in both tissues for a long or short period of time. While SG homeostasis seems to be re-established on day 9, changes in INT are still evident. The findings of this study may be used for future research on parasite-vector interactions and contribute to the understanding of food physiology and post-meal/infection in triatomines.

摘要

是(Tc)的潜在载体,(Tc)是恰加斯病的病原体。唾液腺(SGs)和肠道(INT)在吸血时被积极利用。来自 SGs 的唾液被注入脊椎动物宿主,调节免疫反应,并有利于 INT 消化的进食。Tc 感染显著改变了这些组织的生理学;然而,评估这些的研究仍然很少。本研究旨在更好地了解 SGs 和 INT 在禁食(FA)、喂食(FE)和喂食时 Tc 存在(FE + Tc)条件下的基因全局转录表达。在 FA 期间,与应激期间维持蛋白质稳态相关的转录本表达占主导地位。因此,Tret1 样和 Hsp70Ba 蛋白的转录水平增加。血液似乎对 FE 组发现的变化负责,因为大多数表达的转录本,如蛋白酶和组织蛋白酶 D,与消化有关。在 FE + Tc 组中,昆虫代谢(例如,抗原-5 前体、Pr13a 和 Obp)、INT 中的解毒(Sult1)和 SG 中的酸性磷酸酶的血液处理基因表达减少。我们还发现 SG 中的脂联素和硝酸还原蛋白以及 INT 中的两种新蛋白 pacifastin 和 diptericin 的转录表达减少。在这两种组织中都发现了几个具有调查潜力的未知蛋白质的转录本。我们的结果还表明,Tc 的存在可以在长或短的时间内改变两种组织的表达。虽然 SG 稳态似乎在第 9 天得到重建,但 INT 中的变化仍然明显。本研究的发现可用于寄生虫-载体相互作用的未来研究,并有助于理解三锥虫的食物生理学和餐后/感染后。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/54f8/8722679/90ee050903df/fcimb-11-773357-g001.jpg

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