Fang Qin, Niu Si-Ping, Chen Yu-Dong, Yu Jiang-Hua
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control(AEMPC), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Jan 8;43(1):189-198. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202103147.
Microplastics (MPs), as an emerging contaminant, have attracted wide attention due to their potentially negative impact on the ecosystem. However, information on microplastic pollution in terrestrial environments, especially road dust, is still rare. In this study, the microplastic pollution in road dust from the Yushan District of Ma'anshan City was characterized. The abundances of MPs accumulated per square meter of road and dust were (18.11±32.36) n·m and (223.00±197.01) n·kg, respectively, and the contents were (27.29±72.64) mg·m and (385.23±628.93) mg·kg, respectively, with polypropylene (PP, 58.90%) and polyethylene (PE, 30.08%) as the major polymers based on the number fraction in dust. Additionally, in a given road area, the abundance of MPs in commercial areas was the highest[(78.32±101.24) n·m], followed by residential[(19.81±14.30) n·m], industrial[(10.95±5.54) n·m], suburban[(8.56±8.13) n·m], and educational[(6.99±5.74) n·m] areas. In the case of the same area, the microplastic pollution from the commercial area was heavier. Regarding the shape of the MPs detected in road dust, 66.64% were present as films, 16.14% as granules, 14.13% as fibers, and 3.10% as spheres out of the total number detected. Most of the MPs were less than 1000 μm in size. For a particular road area, the abundance of MPs was significantly correlated with the mass of dust (=0.599, <0.01), whereas there was no obvious correlation for the mass of MPs (=0.067, =0.780). Generally, the road dust can accumulate continuously prior to cleaning, whereas the mass of the MPs will not increase unless there is external input. Otherwise, MPs on the road will be broken down under the action of external forces such as vehicles, resulting in an increase in the number of MPs.
微塑料（MPs）作为一种新兴污染物，因其对生态系统可能产生的负面影响而受到广泛关注。然而，关于陆地环境中微塑料污染的信息，尤其是道路灰尘中的微塑料污染信息仍然很少。在本研究中，对马鞍山市雨山区道路灰尘中的微塑料污染进行了表征。每平方米道路和灰尘中积累的微塑料丰度分别为（18.11±32.36）个/平方米和（223.00±197.01）个/千克，含量分别为（27.29±72.64）毫克/平方米和（385.23±628.93）毫克/千克，基于灰尘中的数量分数，聚丙烯（PP，58.90%）和聚乙烯（PE，30.08%）为主要聚合物。此外，在给定的道路区域中，商业区的微塑料丰度最高[（78.32±101.24）个/平方米]，其次是居民区[（19.81±14.30）个/平方米]、工业区[（10.95±5.54）个/平方米]、郊区[（8.56±8.13）个/平方米]和教育区[（6.99±5.74）个/平方米]。在相同区域的情况下，商业区的微塑料污染更严重。关于道路灰尘中检测到的微塑料形状，在所检测到的总数中，66.64%呈薄膜状，16.14%呈颗粒状，14.13%呈纤维状，3.10%呈球状。大多数微塑料尺寸小于1000微米。对于特定的道路区域，微塑料的丰度与灰尘质量显著相关（r = 0.599，p < 0.01），而微塑料质量则无明显相关性（r = 0.067，p = 0.780）。一般来说，道路灰尘在清扫前会持续积累，而微塑料的质量除非有外部输入否则不会增加。否则，道路上的微塑料会在车辆等外力作用下破碎，导致微塑料数量增加。
