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社交媒体的阴暗面:两起与氯仿中毒相关的死亡事件。

The dark side of social media: Two deaths related with chloroform intoxication.

作者信息

Tusiewicz Kaja, Wachełko Olga, Zawadzki Marcin, Chłopaś-Konowałek Agnieszka, Jurek Tomasz, Kawecki Jerzy, Szpot Paweł

机构信息

Institute of Toxicology Research, Borowa, Poland.

Department of Forensic Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.

出版信息

J Forensic Sci. 2022 May;67(3):1300-1307. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14974. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

DOI:10.1111/1556-4029.14974
PMID:34994396
Abstract

A suicide pact is an agreement between people to commit suicide together, which usually takes place at the same time, in the same place, by using the same method. Social media serve as a way of communication between people. Thus, they use such platforms to find potential suicide pact partners. Chloroform, although being regarded to as a slightly forgotten poison, is still linked to homicide and suicide cases. Death due to an acute chloroform ingestion may be a result of central nervous system depression. In this paper, we present application of headspace gas chromatographic method using a dual column/dual flame ionization detector (HS-GC-FID/FID) for the determination of chloroform in two fatal intoxication cases, as well as chloroform stability study. Analysis of biological samples revealed chloroform concentrations of 135.8, 16.1, 8.1, and 37.1 µg/ml in blood, urine, vitreous humor, and bile, respectively. Kidney, liver, and muscle specimens contained 119.5, 99.6, and 28.4 µg/g of chloroform, respectively. The results of stability studies indicate the highest decrease of chloroform in room temperature, so it is advised to store samples in a freezer. The addition of sodium fluoride is recommended as in blood samples collected to the test tubes without any preservative agent, the detection of chloroform after 91 days is almost impossible. It is important to emphasize that even old poisons can cause a lot of concerns today, as here described cases are linked to chloroform intoxication, as well as with possible danger which social media bring about nowadays.

摘要

自杀协议是人们之间达成的共同自杀的约定,通常在同一时间、同一地点、采用相同方法实施。社交媒体是人们之间的一种交流方式。因此,他们利用这些平台寻找潜在的自杀协议伙伴。氯仿虽然被认为是一种有点被遗忘的毒药,但仍与杀人及自杀案件有关。急性摄入氯仿导致的死亡可能是中枢神经系统抑制的结果。在本文中,我们介绍了使用双柱/双火焰离子化检测器的顶空气相色谱法(HS-GC-FID/FID)在两起致命中毒案件中测定氯仿的应用以及氯仿稳定性研究。生物样本分析显示,血液、尿液、玻璃体液和胆汁中的氯仿浓度分别为135.8、16. ,1、8.1和37.1微克/毫升。肾脏、肝脏和肌肉标本中氯仿含量分别为119.5、99.6和28.4微克/克。稳定性研究结果表明,氯仿在室温下下降幅度最大,因此建议将样本保存在冰箱中。建议添加氟化钠,因为在没有任何防腐剂的试管中采集的血样,91天后几乎不可能检测到氯仿。必须强调的是,即使是古老的毒药如今也会引发诸多问题,正如这里所描述的案例与氯仿中毒有关,也与社交媒体如今带来的潜在危险有关。

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