Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Katedra Nauk Społecznych i Humanistycznych.
Psychiatr Pol. 2021 Aug 31;55(4):851-867. doi: 10.12740/PP/125902.
April 2020 marks what would have been the hundredth birthday of Professor Thomas Stephen Szasz, who passed away in 2012. This year was also the 60th anniversary of the first publication of his iconoclastic thesis on the "myth of mental illness." In the present paper, Szasz's main views on mental illness and modern psychiatry are summarized. By showing the origins of Szasz's ideas in particular, it describes the following topics: Szasz's distinction between bodily disease and mental illness, his preoccupation with the progressive medicalization of everyday life, his description of psychiatry as an institution of social control, his critique of the therapeutic state, i.e., the alliance between psychiatry and the state, and his deliberations on liberty, personal freedom and responsibility. While addressing Szasz's main critics, the paper attempts to show the influence of Szasz's concept on today's psychiatry and stresses that despite well-deserved criticism he expressed some of the epistemological and ethical problems of modern psychiatry better than anyone else, which makes his legacy still important for the mental health practitioners of today.
2020 年 4 月是托马斯·斯蒂芬·萨斯教授诞辰 100 周年，他于 2012 年去世。今年也是他开创性论文《精神病学的神话》首次出版 60 周年。本文总结了萨斯教授关于精神疾病和现代精神病学的主要观点。通过展示萨斯思想的起源，本文描述了以下主题：萨斯教授在身体疾病和精神疾病之间的区分，他对日常生活逐渐医学化的关注，他将精神病学描述为一种社会控制机构，他对治疗性国家的批判，即精神病学与国家的联盟，以及他对自由、个人自由和责任的思考。在回应萨斯教授的主要批评者的同时，本文试图展示萨斯概念对当今精神病学的影响，并强调尽管他受到了应有的批评，但他比任何人都更好地表达了现代精神病学的一些认识论和伦理问题，这使得他的遗产对当今的心理健康从业者仍然重要。
