Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jan 7;12(1):284. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-04429-8.
Soils and oak trees (Quercus brantii Lindl.) in Zagros forests are suffering from the air pollution caused by the Ilam Gas Refinery. Thus, for the first time, we investigated the contamination level of sulfur and trace elements in these ecosystems. Sampling of soil and tree leaves was carried out in different seasons of 2019 and at different distances from the gas refinery. The results showed that soils and leaves at the various distances compared with control distance (10,000 m) were more affected by the gas refinery. Distance from the pollution source and physicochemical properties of soils were the main factors affecting contamination of soil elements contents. The soils with pollution load indices (PLI) of 4.54 were in the highly polluted category. Sulfur was at highly polluted category in soils and were highly enriched in trees. The trees mainly absorbed studied elements via their aerial organs. Our findings indicated that oak trees with the highest value of metal accumulation index are influence tools for monitoring various elements in the polluted air produced by the gas refinery. It is recommended that the ecosystem components near the refinery be studied to accurately evaluate disorders in the food chain.
由于空气污染，扎格罗斯森林的土壤和橡树（Quercus brantii Lindl.）正遭受伊尔姆气田精炼厂的影响。因此，我们首次调查了这些生态系统中硫和微量元素的污染水平。在 2019 年的不同季节，在距离气田精炼厂不同的距离处，对土壤和树叶进行了采样。结果表明，与对照距离（10000 米）相比，不同距离处的土壤和树叶受到气田精炼厂的影响更大。距离污染源的远近和土壤的物理化学性质是影响土壤元素含量污染的主要因素。污染负荷指数（PLI）为 4.54 的土壤属于高度污染类别。土壤中的硫属于高度污染类别，在树木中高度富集。树木主要通过其空气器官吸收研究中的元素。我们的研究结果表明，金属积累指数最高的橡树是监测气田精炼厂产生的污染空气中各种元素的工具。建议研究炼油厂附近的生态系统成分，以准确评估食物链中的紊乱。
