Department of Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(7):9640-9684. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17571-7. Epub 2022 Jan 8.
Fluoride is an anionic pollutant found superfluous in surface or groundwater as a result of anthropogenic actions from improper disposal of industrial effluents. In drinking water, superfluous fluoride has been revealed to trigger severe health problems in humans. Hence, developing a comprehensive wastewater decontamination process for the effective management and preservation of water contaminated with fluoride is desirable, as clean water demand is anticipated to intensify considerably over the upcoming years. In this regard, there have been increased efforts by researchers to create novel magnetic metal oxide nanocomposites which are functionalized for the remediation of wastewater owing to their biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, relative ease to recover and reuse, non-noxiousness, and ease to separate from solutions using a magnetic field. This review makes an all-inclusive effort to assess the effects of experimental factors on the sorption of fluoride employing magnetic metal oxide nanosorbents. The removal efficiency of fluoride ions onto magnetic metal oxides nanocomposites were largely influenced by the solution pH and ions co-existing with fluoride. Overall, it was noticed from the reviewed researches that the maximum sorption capacity using various metal oxides for fluoride sorption was in the order of aluminium oxides >cerium oxides > iron oxides > magnesium oxides> titanium oxides, and most sorption of fluoride ions was inhibited by the existence of phosphate trailed by sulphate. The mechanism of fluoride sorption onto various sorbents was due to ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and complexation mechanism.
氟化物是一种阴离子污染物，由于工业废水处理不当等人为活动，在地表水和地下水中含量过多。饮用水中过量的氟化物已被证明会引发人类严重的健康问题。因此，开发一种全面的废水净化处理工艺，对受氟污染的水进行有效管理和保护是很有必要的，因为在未来几年，对清洁水的需求预计会大幅增加。在这方面，研究人员加大了力度，创造了新型的磁性金属氧化物纳米复合材料，由于其生物相容性、成本效益、相对易于回收和再利用、无毒和易于使用磁场从溶液中分离，这些复合材料在废水修复方面具有功能性。本综述全面评估了实验因素对磁性金属氧化物纳米吸附剂吸附氟化物的影响。溶液 pH 值和与氟化物共存的离子对磁性金属氧化物纳米复合材料上氟离子的去除效率有很大影响。总的来说，从已审查的研究中可以看出，各种金属氧化物对氟化物的最大吸附容量顺序为氧化铝>氧化铈>氧化铁>氧化镁>氧化钛，而磷酸盐和硫酸盐的存在则抑制了氟离子的大部分吸附。各种吸附剂上氟化物的吸附机理是离子交换、静电吸引和络合机理。
