State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 1;815:152737. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152737. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
Soil microbial richness, diversity, and functional gene abundance are crucial factors affecting belowground ecosystem functions; however, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of their responses to global change. Here, we conducted a worldwide meta-analysis using 1071 observation data concerning the effects of global change factors (GCFs), including warming (W), increased precipitation (PPT+), decreased precipitation (PPT-), elevated CO concentration (eCO), and nitrogen deposition (N), to evaluate their individual, combined, and interactive effects on soil microbial properties across different groups and ecosystems. Across the dataset, eCO increased microbial richness and diversity by 40.5% and 4.6%, respectively; warming and N addition decreased the abundance of denitrification functional genes (nirS, nirK, and nozS); N addition had a greater impact on soil C-cycling functional genes than on N-cycling ones. Long-term precipitation change was conducive to the increase in soil microbial richness, and fungal richness change was more sensitive than bacterial richness, but the sensitivity of bacteria richness to N addition was positively correlated with experimental duration. Soil microbial richness, diversity, and functional gene abundances could be significantly affected by individual or multiple GCF changes, and their interactions are mainly additive. W×eCO on microbial diversity, and N×PPT+ and W×N on N-cycling functional gene abundance showed synergistic interactions. Based on the limitations of the collected data and the findings, we suggest designing experiments with multiple GCFs and long experimental durations and incorporating the effects and interactions of multiple drivers into ecosystem models to accurately predict future soil microbial properties and functions under future global changes.
土壤微生物丰富度、多样性和功能基因丰度是影响地下生态系统功能的关键因素，但我们对它们对全球变化的响应仍缺乏系统认识。在这里，我们使用了 1071 个关于全球变化因子（GCFs）的观测数据进行了一次全球范围内的荟萃分析，这些 GCFs 包括变暖（W）、增加降水（PPT+）、减少降水（PPT-）、升高 CO2浓度（eCO）和氮沉降（N），以评估它们对不同组和生态系统中土壤微生物特性的单独、组合和交互影响。在整个数据集上，eCO2 分别增加了微生物丰富度和多样性 40.5%和 4.6%；变暖和 N 添加减少了反硝化功能基因（nirS、nirK 和 nozS）的丰度；N 添加对土壤 C 循环功能基因的影响大于对 N 循环功能基因的影响。长期降水变化有利于土壤微生物丰富度的增加，真菌丰富度变化比细菌丰富度变化更敏感，但细菌丰富度对 N 添加的敏感性与实验持续时间呈正相关。土壤微生物丰富度、多样性和功能基因丰度可能会受到单个或多个 GCF 变化的显著影响，它们的相互作用主要是加性的。W×eCO2 对微生物多样性，以及 N×PPT+和 W×N 对 N 循环功能基因丰度表现出协同作用。基于所收集数据的局限性和研究结果，我们建议设计具有多个 GCF 和长实验持续时间的实验，并将多个驱动因素的影响和相互作用纳入生态系统模型中，以准确预测未来全球变化下土壤微生物特性和功能的未来变化。
