Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2022 Aug;95(6):1231-1241. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01821-9. Epub 2022 Jan 9.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorders. Although studies have suggested relationships between ADHD in children and maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy, little is known about the effects of work-related mental stress. Considering the increasing number of pregnant women who continue to work during the gestation period, this study investigated whether work-related stress during pregnancy is related to offspring ADHD.
The Taiwan Birth Cohort Study followed selected representative mother-infant pairs in a face-to-face interview since a child was 6 months old. A total of 10,556 working pregnant women who completed follow-up 8 years later were included. Whether the 8-year-old child had ever received a diagnosis of ADHD were inquired. Self-reported job stress during pregnant period was obtained 6 months after delivery. Factors including perinatal and socioeconomic factors as well as the mother's job conditions were further analyzed with logistic regression.
Among those who continued working during pregnancy, 3850 (36.5%) mothers reported having job stress during pregnancy, and 210 (2.0%) of the children were diagnosed as having ADHD before 8 years of age. Compared with mothers who reported no job stress, the adjusted odds ratio of child ADHD was 1.91 (95% CI 1.21-3.07) for mothers with "very stressful" jobs during pregnancy and 1.53 (95% CI 1.04-2.25) for mothers with "rather stressful" jobs.
Among pregnant female workers, higher levels of job stress were related to the higher occurrence of ADHD in their children.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是最常见的神经行为障碍。虽然研究表明儿童 ADHD 与母亲怀孕期间的心理社会压力有关，但对于与工作相关的精神压力的影响知之甚少。考虑到越来越多的孕妇在妊娠期间继续工作，本研究调查了怀孕期间与工作相关的压力是否与后代 ADHD 有关。
台湾出生队列研究自儿童 6 个月大以来通过面对面访谈跟踪选择的代表性母婴对。共有 10556 名完成 8 年后随访的工作孕妇被纳入研究。询问 8 岁儿童是否曾被诊断患有 ADHD。在分娩后 6 个月获得了怀孕期间自我报告的工作压力。进一步使用逻辑回归分析了围产期和社会经济因素以及母亲工作条件等因素。
在继续怀孕的孕妇中，有 3850 名（36.5%）母亲报告在怀孕期间有工作压力，有 210 名（2.0%）儿童在 8 岁之前被诊断为患有 ADHD。与报告无工作压力的母亲相比，怀孕期间工作压力“非常大”的母亲的儿童 ADHD 的调整后比值比为 1.91（95%CI 1.21-3.07），工作压力“相当大”的母亲为 1.53（95%CI 1.04-2.25）。
在孕妇工人中，更高水平的工作压力与儿童 ADHD 的发生率更高有关。
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