Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States.
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
Br J Radiol. 2022 Jun 1;95(1134):20211034. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20211034. Epub 2022 May 5.
Optimum radiological assessment of the male urethra requires knowledge of the normal urethral anatomy and ideal imaging techniques based on the specific clinical scenario. Retrograde urethrography is the workhorse examination for male urethral imaging, usually utilized as the initial, and often solitary, modality of choice not only in the setting of trauma, but also in the pre- and post-operative evaluation of urethral strictures. There is, however, growing interest in utilization of ultrasound and magnetic resonance for evaluation of the male urethra owing to lack of ionizing radiation and improved delineation of the adjacent tissue. We review the various modalities utilized for imaging of the male urethra for a variety of known or suspected disorders, and provide an update on current treatments of urethral strictures. Additionally, we detail the key information needed by urologists to guide management of urethral strictures. We conclude with a brief discussion of neophallus urethral diseases following female-to-male sexual confirmation surgery.
男性尿道的最佳放射学评估需要了解正常尿道解剖结构和基于特定临床情况的理想成像技术。逆行尿道造影是男性尿道成像的主要检查方法，通常不仅在创伤情况下，而且在尿道狭窄的术前和术后评估中，都被用作初始且通常是唯一的首选方式。然而，由于缺乏电离辐射和对相邻组织的更好描绘，人们对超声和磁共振在男性尿道评估中的应用越来越感兴趣。我们回顾了用于各种已知或疑似疾病的男性尿道成像的各种方式，并提供了尿道狭窄当前治疗方法的最新信息。此外，我们详细介绍了泌尿科医生需要了解的关键信息，以指导尿道狭窄的管理。最后，我们简要讨论了女性到男性性别确认手术后新阴茎尿道疾病。
