Hosseini Seyed H, Farag Marwa, Hosseini Seyedeh Zeinab, Vatanparast Hassan
College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada.
School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada.
SSM Popul Health. 2021 Dec 17;17:101001. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.101001. eCollection 2022 Mar.
This study examines the importance of income in determining the diet quality of Canadian adults measured based on Nutrient Rich Food Index version 9.3. We used the latest available data on Canadians' consumption of foods and nutrients from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition 2015. The Canada' Food Guide classification was used for categorizing food groups based on types of food and their healthiness. Unsupervised and supervised machine learning models were employed in order to examine the links between income and the choice of foods. We first employed cluster analysis to identify the dietary patterns among individuals included in the sample and then we examined whether the intakes of various food groups across the identified clusters vary by income levels. Further, we evaluated the association between diet quality and income using Lasso Regression to determine the most important predictors of diet quality among adults in Canada. The results of both cluster analysis and regularized regression model suggested that behavioral factors and cultural backgrounds are more important determinants of diet quality among adults in Canada.
本研究探讨了收入在根据营养丰富食物指数9.3衡量加拿大成年人饮食质量方面的重要性。我们使用了加拿大社区健康调查-营养2015中关于加拿大人食物和营养素消费的最新可用数据。加拿大食物指南分类用于根据食物类型及其健康程度对食物组进行分类。为了研究收入与食物选择之间的联系，我们采用了无监督和有监督的机器学习模型。我们首先采用聚类分析来识别样本中个体的饮食模式，然后检查在确定的聚类中不同食物组的摄入量是否因收入水平而异。此外，我们使用套索回归评估饮食质量与收入之间的关联，以确定加拿大成年人饮食质量的最重要预测因素。聚类分析和正则化回归模型的结果均表明，行为因素和文化背景是加拿大成年人饮食质量更重要的决定因素。
